DISCRETE 2010

6 Dec 2010, 08:00 → 11 Dec 2010, 18:30 Europe/Rome

CNR headquarter

Antonio Di Domenico (RM1)

The Symposium on Prospects in the Physics of Discrete Symmetries is organized by the Physics Department of "Sapienza" University of Rome, and by INFN (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare). This second edition of the Symposium, which was successfully held for the first time in Valencia in 2008, covers all theoretical and experimental progress in the field, and aims at a thorough discussion on the latest developments. The Symposium is organized in plenary sessions with invited talks, and parallel sessions with selected contributions from the submitted abstracts. The topics covered include T, C, P, CP symmetries; CPT symmetry, decoherence, Lorentz symmetry breaking; accidental symmetries (B, L conservation); neutrino mass and mixing; cosmology and astroparticles, dark matter searches; experimental prospects at LHC, Super flavor factories, and new facilities.

Monday, 6 December

Registration

Registration will open at 8.30 a.m.

Plenary Session 1

1 Welcome

Speakers: Prof. Egidio Longo (Physics Department Sapienza University), Dr Speranza Falciano (INFN Roma)

2 CP violation and CKM

Speaker: Prof. Achille Stocchi (LAL - Université Paris Sud and IN2p3/CNRS)

Slides discrete-stocchi.ppt

3 CP violation beyond the SM

Speaker: Prof. A. Weiler

Slides discrete_weiler.pdf

10:45 Coffee break

Plenary Session 2

4 Status and prospects for B physics and discrete symmetries at Tevatron

Speaker: Prof. Kevin Pitts (University of Illinois)

Slides kpitts_6dec10.pdf

5 Experimental prospects for B physycs and discrete symmetries at LHC and future projects

Speaker: Prof. T. Gershon

Slides gershon-discrete2010.pdf

6 Kaon Physics and discrete symmetries: status and perspectives

The status of tests for discrete symmetries and their link with flavour physics within the kaon system will be reviewed. A new renaissance of activity in the field comprises both experiments in an advanced stage of preparation and future projects with ambitious goals: they will be discussed with an eye towards the future prospects and assessments.

Speaker: Prof. Marco Sozzi (University of Pisa)

Slides Discrete10_sozzi.ppt

13:30 Lunch

Neutrino mass, mixing and discrete symmetries (1)

7 The search for neutrinoless double beta decay with Cuoricino and Cuore

Cuoricino was a cryogenic bolometric detector operating in Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory, Italy, from March 2003 to June 2008. With its 40.7 kg of 130TeO2 in the form of an array of 62 crystals it has set the currently lower limit on the halflife of 130Te against neutrinoless double beta decay, T1/2 = 2.94 x 10^24 y at 90% CL. It has moreover proven the feasibility of the CUORE experiment, whose aim is to be sensitive to values of the effective neutrino mass as low as few tens of meV. We will report on the latest results from Cuoricino and on the status of the CUORE project.

Speaker: Dr Elena Guardincerri (LNGS)

Slides CUORE_Guardincerri.pdf CUORE_Guardincerri.ppt

8 LUCIFER: Neutrinoless Double Beta decay search with scintillating bolometers

One of the fundamental open questions in elementary particle physics is the value of the neutrino mass and its nature of Dirac or Majorana particle. Neutrinoless double beta decay (DBD0v) is a key tool for investigating these neutrino properties and for finding answers to the open questions concerning mass hierarchy and absolute scale. Experimental techniques based on the calorimetric approach with cryogenic particle detectors are proved to be suitable for the search of this rare decay, thanks to high energy resolution and large mass of the detectors. One of the main issues to access an increase of the experimental sensitivity is strictly related to background reduction, trying to perform possibly a zero background experiment. The LUCIFER (Low-background Underground Cryogenic Installation For Elusive Rates) project, funded by the European Research Council, aims at building a background-free DBD0v experiment, with a discovery potential comparable with the present generation experiments. The idea of LUCIFER is to measure, simultaneously, heat and scintillation light with ZnSe bolometers. Detector features and operational procedures are reviewed. The expected performance and sensitivity are also discussed.

Speaker: Dr Luca Pattavina (INFN-Sez. Milano-Bicocca)

Poster discrete2010_Pattavina.pdf.pdf

Slides Discrete2010_Pattavina.pdf

9 TeV Scale See-Saw Mechanism and Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay

It is shown that the Majorana nature of the heavy neutrinos $N_j$ having masses in the range of $M_j \sim (100 - 1000)$ GeV and present in the TeV scale type I and inverse see-saw scenarios of neutrino mass generation, is unlikely to be observable in the currently operating and future planned accelerator experiments (including LHC) due to the existence of very strong constraints on the parameters and couplings responsible for the corresponding $|\Delta L| = 2$ processes, $L$ being the total lepton charge. If the heavy Majorana neutrinos $N_j$ are observed and they are associated only with the type I or inverse see-saw mechanisms and no additional TeV scale "new physics", they will behave like Dirac fermions to a relatively high level of precision, being actually pseudo-Dirac particles. The observation of effects proving the Majorana nature of $N_j$ would imply that these heavy neutrinos have additional relatively strong couplings to the Standard Model particles (as, e.g. in the type III see-saw scenario), or that light neutrino masses compatible with the observations are generated by a mechanism other than see-saw (e.g., radiatively at one or two loop level) in which the heavy Majorana neutrinos $N_j$ are nevertheless involved.

Speaker: Dr Emiliano Molinaro (CFTP, Instituto Superior Tecnico)

Slides TeVSeeSaw0bbDecay.pdf

10 Bimaximal neutrino mixing with discrete flavour symmetries

In view of the fact that the data on neutrino mixing are still compatible with a situation where Bimaximal mixing is valid in first approximation and it is then corrected by terms of order of the Cabibbo angle, we present examples where these properties are naturally realized. The models are supersymmetric in 4-dimensions and based on the discrete non-Abelian flavour symmetry S4.

Speaker: Dr Luca Merlo (TUM)

Slides Merlo.pdf

T, C, P, CP symmetries, accidental symmetries (B, L cons.) (1)

11 Theory Prediction of epsilon_K

The parameter epsilon_K plays an important role in the phenomenology of the Standard Model and its extensions. It is very sensitive to high-energy scales and can be predicted with remarkable precision. In this talk I will give a summary of the theory prediction and present our recent NNLO QCD calculation of the short-distance contributions to epsilon_K in the Standard Model.

Speaker: Dr Joachim Brod (Excellence Cluster Universe, TU München)

Slides brod.pdf

12 CP tests at NA48

We report on measurements of the rare decays K+- -> pi+- e+ e- and K+- -> pi+- mu+ mu-. The full NA48/2 data set was analyzed, leading to more than 7200 reconstructed events in the electronic and more than 3000 events in the muonic channel, the latter exceeding the total existing statistics by a factor of five. For both channels the selected events are almost background-free. From these events, we have determined the branching fraction and form factors of K+- -> pi+- e+ e- using different theoretical models. Our results improve the existing world averages significantly. In addition, we measured the CP violating asymmetry between K+ and K- in this channel to be less than a few percent. The KS --> pipiee decay mode has also been investigated using the data collected in 2002 by the NA48/1 collaboration. With about 23k signal events and 59k KL --> pi+ pi- pi0D normalization decays, the KS --> pipiee branching ratio was determined with respect to the KL one. This result is also used to set an upper limit on the presence of E1 direct emission in the decay amplitude. The CP-violating asymmetry has been measured.

Speaker: Prof. Giuseppina Anzivino (PG)

Slides Discrete_2010.ppt

13 K --> pi nu nu : Standard Model Prediction and New Physics

Promising future experiments and precise theoretical calculations promote the $K^+\rightarrow \pi^+\nu\bar\nu$ and $K_L\rightarrow \pi^0\nu\bar\nu$ decays to probes of high energy phenomena. Both modes are sensitive to much higher energy regimes than those accessible with present day colliders. In this talk I shall review the current theoretical prediction within the Standard Model (SM) after the latest NLO electroweak calculation and will also discuss its impact on the search for New Physics within different models beyond the SM.

Speaker: Mr Emmanuel Stamou (Technical University Munich)

Slides stamou_rareKdecays.pdf

14 Tests of the Fundamental Symmetries in the η Meson Decays

Patterns of isospin violation and tests of conservation of the fundamental C, P and CP symmetries are the key physics issues in studies of pi0 , eta and eta ′ decays. The tests of the fundamental symmetries include searches for rare or forbidden decays and searches for asymmetries among the decay products in the not–so–rare decays. Some examples of the searches for the rare decays are eta-> 2pi, eta->4pi0 (CP tests), decays into odd number of photons (e.g. pi0 , eta-> 3g) and decay eta->pi0 e+ e− (C tests). In conversion decay eta->pi+ pi − e+ e− the asymmetry in the distribution of the angle between the pions and electron decay planes allows to search for CP violation in a flavor-conserving process beyond the CKM mechanism which is not constrained by the limits on the neutron dipole moment. In addition the Dalitz decays and the decays into lepton-antilepton pair are sensitive for a contribution from a boson responsible for annihilation of hypothetical light dark matter particles. The precise knowledge of the transition form factors of the π 0 and η mesons are also needed for the calculations of the Standard Model contributions to the muon g − 2 and to the rare pi0 and eta decays into a lepton-antilepton pair. The muon g − 2 and the branching ratio for pi0-> e+ e− decay are currently the observables where hints of a deviation from the Standard Model predictions are reported. The experimental studies of pi0 , eta and eta′ meson decays are carried out at four European accelerator research facilities: KLOE/KLOE-2 at DAFNE (Frascati), Crystal Ball at MAMI (Mainz), WASA at COSY (Julich), Crystal Barrel at ELSA (Bonn).

Speaker: Dr Andrzej Kupsc (Uppsala University)

Slides kupsc.pdf

T, C, P, CP symmetries, accidental symmetries (B, L cons.) (3)

15 A unique Z_4R symmetry for the MSSM

In this talk, anomaly free Abelian discrete symmetries of the MSSM are considered that forbid the μ-term at perturbative order. Allowing for anomaly cancellation via the Green-Schwarz mechanism discrete R-symmetries are identified as the only possibility and it is proven that there is a unique Z_4R symmetry that commutes with SO(10). Furthermore, it is argued that non-perturbative effects will generate a μ-term of electroweak order thus solving the μ-problem. The non-perturbative effects break the Z_4R symmetry leaving an exact Z_2 matter parity. As a result dimension four baryon- and lepton-number violating operators are absent while, at the non-perturbative level, dimension five baryon- and lepton-number violating operators get induced but are highly suppressed so that the nucleon decay rate is well within present bounds.

Speaker: Dr Patrick Vaudrevange (LMU Munich)

Slides Rom_TalkVaudrevange.pdf

16 Flavour and the Higgs in a Warped Extra Dimension

The Randall-Sundrum model features one compact extra dimension and is suitable for stabilizing the electroweak scale. I discuss its interesting phenomenological implications for CP violation in kaon mixing and rare decays and the interplay between different observables, with remarks on model-specific protection mechanisms. I also comment on possible effects from deviations in the Higgs couplings to fermions and their implications.

Speaker: Mr Sandro Casagrande (Technical University Munich)

Slides casagrande_warped_discrete.pdf

17 Suppression of flavor violation in an A4 warped extra dimensional model

We recently proposed a model (JHEP08(2010)115) based on the non abelian discrete flavor group A4 implemented in a custodial RS setup with a bulk Higgs. We showed that the standard model flavor structure can be realized within the ZMA (zero mode approximation), with nearly TBM neutrino mixing and a realistic CKM matrix with rather mild assumptions. An important advantage of this framework with respect to flavor anarchic models is the vanishing of the dangerous tree level KK gluon contribution to \epsilon_K and the suppression of the new physics one loop contributions to the neutron EDM, \epsilon'/\epsilon, b-->s \gamma and Higgs mediated FCNC processes. These results are obtained beyond the ZMA, in order to account for the the full flavor structure and mixing of the zero modes and first KK modes of all generations. The resulting constraints on the KK mass scale are shown to be significantly relaxed compared to the flavour anarchic case, showing explicitly the role of non abelian discrete flavor symmetries in relaxing flavor violation bounds within the RS setup. As a byproduct of our analysis we also obtain the same contributions for the custodial anarchic case with two SU(2)_R doublets for each fermion generation.

Speaker: Mr Avihay Kadosh (University of Groningen, The Netherlands)

Slides A4FlavorSupp.pdf

18 CP violating Higgs sector of MSSM

Many couplings in the MSSM, like the tri-linear couplings, the mass parameter, mu, etc. could in general be complex quantities, leaving a CP-violating Higgs sector. In such case the physical Higgs bosons will not be CP-eigenstates, leading to very different phenomenology compared to the CP-conserving MSSM. We explore the di-photon decay channel of the Higgs bosons within this context at the LHC. The leading order term being a triangular loop of particles including the stop quark, we investigate the influence of a light stop in the process arising through the complex Higgs-stop-stop coupling. Our study show substantial deviation in the cross section from the CP-conserving case. The effect is somewhat enhanced with the production through gluon fusion included.

Speaker: Dr Poulose Poulose (IIT Guwahati)

Slides poulose.pdf

16:40 Coffee break

Neutrino mass, mixing and discrete symmetries (2)

19 A model for neutrino masses and mixing based on the non-abelian discrete symmetry A4

In this talk I will present a see-saw A4 model for Tri-Bimaximal mixing which is based on a very economical flavour symmetry and field content and still possesses all the good features of A4 models. In particular the charged lepton mass hierarchies are determined by the A4 x Z4 flavour symmetry itself without invoking a Froggatt-Nielsen U(1) symmetry. Tri-Bimaximal mixing is exact in leading order while all the mixing angles receive corrections of the same order in next-to-the-leading approximation. As a consequence the predicted value of the angle theta_13 is within the sensitivity of the experiments which will take data in the near future. The light neutrino spectrum with its phenomenological implications, also including leptoproduction, will be also discussed.

Speaker: Dr Davide Meloni (Wuerzburg University)

Slides talkmeloni.pdf

20 OPERA: A first tau-neutrino appearance candidate.

OPERA is a long-baseline neutrino experiment dedicated to the study of muon-neutrino to tau-neutrino oscillation. Using the high-energy CERN to LNGS beam (CNGS), it is the first experiment looking directly for tau-neutrino appearance from oscillation of muon-neutrinos. Runs with CNGS neutrinos are carried out successfully since 2008. After a brief introduction on the OPERA hybrid detector and the main parameters and procedures of the experiment, recent results are presented. A first candidate for a tau-neutrino charged-current event is described in detail. The background and the corresponding significance of the event are evaluated.

Speaker: Dr Bjoern Wonsak (University of Hamburg)

Slides Wonsak_Opera2010Rome.pdf

21 OPERA analysis procedures

The OPERA neutrino detector is an hybrid detector. It consists of a target of bricks made of lead plates interleaved with nuclear emulsion films with micron resolution and electronic detectors (ED) to select the brick containing a neutrino interaction, to time stamp an event, and to measure the momentum and the charge in a magnetic spectrometer for particles leaving the target. The main steps of the ED data analysis will be presented, including the brick finding procedure and the muon track reconstruction from muon neutrino charged current interactions, with the reconstructed muon momentum spectrum. The scanning analysis procedures of the emulsion films for reconstructing the tracks and the vertices in a brick and to search for tau decays will be briefly described. First results for charmed particle decays will be presented, showing the efficient reconstruction of short lived particles and allowing the estimation of an important source of background.

Speaker: Ms Claudia Lazzaro (ETH Zurich)

Slides Lazzaro_discrete2010.pdf

22 T2K experiment: status and first results

The long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment T2K, which uses a high intensity off-axis muon neutrino beam produced at JPARC, aims at a discovery of oscillation of muon neutrinos into electron neutrinos and measurement of the mixing angle \theta_13, a key parameter for further search of CP violation in the lepton sector. T2K is also designed to precisely measure the oscillation parameters \Delta m^2_23 and \theta_23 in a disappearance oscillation mode. The major components of T2K include a neutrino beam line, muon monitors, a near detector complex ND280 located at 280 m from the proton interaction target, and the far detector SuperKamiokande (295 km from the neutrino source), at a 2.5 degree off-axis angle from the beam. The measured neutrino spectrum at ND280 and measurements of the primary proton beam combined with the NA61 hadron production data will be used to predict the unoscillated spectrum at SuperKamiokande. The oscillation analysis will be done by comparing the observed and predicted spectra at the far detector. The construction of the T2K neutrino beam line and the near neutrino detectors is completed. For first data taking period with the neutrino beam, about 3x1020 30 GeV protons on target were accumulated. The design, performance, current status of the experiment and near future perspectives will be discussed. The results of the first physics run will be presented.

Speaker: Dr Fanny Dufour (Geneva University)

Slides 101206_fdufour_t2k_discrete10.pdf

T, C, P, CP symmetries, accidental symmetries (B, L cons.) (2)

23 Search for New Physics with Rare Heavy Flavour Decays at LHCb

The LHCb experiment has the potential, during the 2010-11 run, to observe, or improve significantly the exclusion bounds on, the rare decays B_s ->\mu^+\mu^- and D^0 -> \mu^+\mu^-. These studies will provide very sensitive probes of New Physics effects. High sensitivity to New Physics contributions is also achieved by searching for direct CP violation in B^0 -> K*\gamma, performing a time dependent analysis of B_s \to \phi\gamma, and making an angular study of the decay B^0 -> K*\mu^+\mu^-. Here also significant results are expected from the present run. Preparations for these analyses will be presented, and studies shown of how existing data can be used to validate the analysis strategy.

Speaker: Dr Thomas Blake Blake (Imperial College)

Slides tblake_discrete.pdf

24 CP violation studies in ATLAS

In this talk we will briefly present the ATLAS detector, focusing on the elements relevant to the B-physics measurements plan. The plan will be discussed, including the expected precision of the CP-violation measurements. We will briefly present the status of the detector, the status of the data taking and the latest B-physics results.

Speaker: Dr Szymon Gadomski (University of Geneva)

Slides CPinATLAS-S.Gadomski.pdf

25 CMS B physics results and prospects for the future

B physics is one of the key physics themes at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). B hadrons are an ideal tool for advancing our current understanding of the flavour sector of the Standard Model (SM), and searching for effects originating from physics beyond the SM, thanks to the large production rate and the fact that B hadrons are relatively easy to trigger on and identify due to their long lifetime and high mass. The interplay between strong and electroweak effects in the production and decay of B hadrons makes them a unique test ground for both forces. In this talk, we present the first results from CMS for B hadron and quarkonium production. The excellent momentum resolution and the flexible trigger scheme of CMS bode well for future measurements and searches for deviations from the SM.

Speaker: Franco Ligabue (PI)

Slides Ligabue.pdf

26 Two-Higgs-doublet models with Minimal Flavour Violation

The tree-level flavour-changing neutral currents in the two-Higgs-doublet models can be suppressed by protecting the breaking of either flavour or flavour-blind symmetries, but we will show how only the first choice, implemented by the application of the Minimal Flavour Violation hypothesis, is stable under quantum corrections. Moreover, we will discuss the phenomenology of a two-Higgs-doublet model with Minimal Flavour Violation enriched with flavour-blind phases.

Speaker: Maria Valentina Carlucci (Technische Universitaet Muenchen)

Slides carlucci.pdf

T, C, P, CP symmetries, accidental symmetries (B, L cons.) (4)

27 Gauged discrete symmetries and proton stability in SUSY GUT

Generic SUSY GUT models suffer from the problem that Planck scale induced operators lead to the proton decay requiring some suppression of the couplings to make them compatible with current experimental bounds. I will review the problem of proton decay in such models and present a GUT model based on the SO(10) group where the operators leading to the proton decay can be suppressed due to the gauged discrete symmetry.

Speaker: Dr Aleksandr Azatov (Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Roma ``La Sapienza")

Slides Azatov.pdf

28 New aspects of symmetry breaking in Grand Unified Theories

Typically, only the minimal GUTs can be subject to a thorough scrutiny by complementary observables such as the proton lifetime, the absolute neutrino mass scale and the matching with the effective SM flavor structure. In this respect, the concept of minimality itself can be associated to the simplicity of the relevant Higgs sector. I will review some recent results on the Higgs sector of both ordinary and supersymmetric GUTs, focusing first on a class of minimal nonsupersymmetric SO(10) GUTs, fallen into disuse about 30 years ago and now revived by the quantum level analysis, and then on the investigation of the minimal SM-compatible flipped SO(10) and E(6) supersymmetric Higgs models.

Speaker: Mr Luca Di Luzio (SISSA and INFN, Trieste)

Slides Di_Luzio.pdf

29 Hybrid anomaly-gravity mediation with flavor

We consider supersymmetric models where anomaly- and gravity mediation give comparable contributions to the soft terms. An Abelian flavor symmetry is invoked to explain both the observed matter flavor structure and an alignment of the sparticles. As an illustration, we present an example where the constraints from flavor- and CP violation, such as coming from mu --> e + gamma and EDMs, are fulfilled. We also briefly discuss a possible origin of our phenomenological hybrid ansatz in a microscopic theory. In our setup, the gravity mediated contribution to the soft terms cures the tachyonic slepton problem of pure anomaly mediation. Compared to pure gravity mediation, on the other hand, an advantage of our hybrid scenario is the heavy gravitino. This can ease the cosmological gravitino problem which typically is present in gravity mediated models combined with leptogenesis.

Speaker: Dr Christian Gross (TU Dortmund)

Slides Gross.pdf

19:00 Welcome cocktail

Tuesday, 7 December

Plenary Session 3

30 Hidden symmetries and dark matter

Speaker: Prof. N. Weiner

Slides Discrete10_Weiner.pdf

31 Dark Matter searches at LHC

Besides Standard Model measurements and other beyond-SM studies, the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the LHC will search for Supersymmetry (SUSY), one of the most attractive explanation for Dark Matter. The SUSY discovery potential with early data will be presented together with recent results acquired with 2010 data. Studies aiming at measuring the sparticle masses and other SUSY properties will also be discussed. Emphasis will be placed on the interpretation of a possible positive SUSY signal as an explanation of Dark Matter.

Speaker: Dr Vasiliki Mitsou (IFIC Valencia)

Slides Discrete10_Mitsou.pdf

10:30 Coffee break

Plenary Session 4

32 Direct search for WIMP dark matter

Speaker: Prof. B. Sadoulet

Slides Discrete_Sadoulet_Web2.pdf

33 Identifying dark matter

Speaker: Prof. G. Bertone

Slides Discrete10_Bertone.pdf

34 High energy gamma ray astronomy

The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope observes gamma rays from the cosmos in the broad energy range from 20 MeV to >300 GeV, with supporting observations of gamma-ray bursts from 8 keV to 30 MeV. The telescope far surpasses previous generations in its ability to detect and localize faint gamma-ray sources, as well as its ability to see 20% of the sky at any instant and scan the entire sky on a timescale of a few hours. With its launch in June 2008, Fermi opened a new and important window on a wide variety of astrophysical objects – including pulsars, black holes, active galaxies, gamma-ray bursts, supernova remnants – and is enabling new research on such topics as the origin of cosmic rays and searches for hypothetical new phenomena such as annihilation of dark matter. In addition to a summary of results and the science opportunities, this talk includes a description of the instruments and the mission status and plans.

Speaker: Prof. J. E. Grove

Slides Grove-FermiSummary-DISCRETE10-v2_1.ppt Grove-FermiSummary-DISCRETE10-v2_2.ppt

Video show_grb090902462_arr_v3.mov

13:15 Lunch

CPT and Lorentz symmetries, QM (1)

35 Testing foundations of quantum mechanics in the neutral K-meson system

The high performance detector KLOE at the upgraded DAPHNE machine allows not only for precision measurements to test very fundamental questions in Particle Physics but as well to test foundations of quantum mechanics itself (G. Amelino-Camelia et al, Physics with the KLOE-2 experiment at the upgraded DAPHNE. Europ. Phys. J. C 68, No. 3-4, 619, 2010). In this talk I will show how the neutral K-mesons adds novel insides into the very working of quantum theory and discuss future possible tests which can/will be performed at KLOE 2. In particular, I will discuss how different the manifestation of nonlocality in the neutral kaon system is compared to usual considered quantum systems and how it is related to the violation of the CP symmetry, which models testing deviations from the standard quantum mechanical evolution can be ruled out by experimental data and I will motivate why the kaonic quantum eraser (part of the programme of KLOE 2) is interesting.

Speaker: Dr Beatrix C. Hiesmayr (• Research Center for Quantum Information, Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences)

Slides Discrete10_Hiesmayr.pptx

36 Status and prospects for Lorentz and CPT violation tests at KLOE and KLOE-2

The neutral kaon system offers a unique possibility to perform fundamental tests of CPT invariance. In this contribution the status and prospects of the KLOE experiment for the tests of CPT and Lorentz symmetries in the context of the Standard Model Extension are presented. A new analysis method is described in detail with the perspective given by the KLOE-2 data-taking campaign.

Speaker: Dr Antonio De Santis (INFN Roma1)

Slides Discrete10_DeSantis.pdf

37 Search for Lorentz Violation in a Short-Range Gravity Experiment

We report on the progress of a continuing experiment designed to be sensitive to gravity and possible new forces in nature at length scales below 50 microns. The experiment uses 1 kHz mechanical oscillators as test masses with a stiff conducting shield between them to suppress backgrounds, a technique that has demonstrated the capability to probe exceptionally small distances using large masses, and to operate at the limit of instrumental thermal noise at room temperature. The experiment has been used to set limits on Lorentz violation in the pure gravity sector of the Standard-Model Extension. On account of the planar test mass geometry, nominally null with respect to inverse-square forces, the limits derived for the SME coefficients of Lorentz violation are on the order of s ~ 10000.

Speaker: Mr Joshua Long (Indiana University)

Slides Discrete10_Long.pptx

38 Measurement of the ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen

The ground-state hyperfine splitting (GS-HFS) of hydrogen at 1.42 GHz has been measured with an extremely high precision of 10^-12. Thus measuring the GS-HFS of antihydrogen, the antimatter counterpart of hydrogen, would be a stringent test of the CPT symmetry. The ASACUSA collaboration at CERN's Antiproton Decelerator (AD) is preparing such an experiment using an atomic beam apparatus [1,2] similar to the ones which were used in the early days of hydrogen HFS spectroscopy. The apparatus will use antihydrogen atoms produced in a superconducting cusp trap (i.e. anti-Helmholtz coils). The inhomogeneous magnetic field of such a trap will create a partially polarized beam, which will then pass through a radiofrequency resonator to flip the spin of the antihydrogen atoms. Finally a sextupole magnet analyses the spin orientation of the atoms. Simulations showed that such an experiment is feasible if appr. 100 antihydrogen atoms per second can be produced in the ground state, and that an accuracy of appr. 10^-7 can be reached within reasonable measuring times [2]. This precision might seem to be small compared to the often-quoted "most precise CPT test" of 10^-18 between the masses of the neutral kaon and antikaon. However, V.A. Kostelecky and his colleagues created an extension to the standard model by introducing parameters into its Lagrangian which violate either the CPT symmetry or the Lorentz invariance [3]. These parameters have a dimension of energy (or mass or frequency), therefore their model claim that it is not the relative but the absolute precision of a measurement which matters when doing a CPT test. Thus by measuring a relatively small quantity on the energy scale (like the 1.42 GHz antihydrogen GS-HFS), a smaller relative accuracy is needed to reach the same absolute precision. Therefore a measurement of the GS-HFS frequency with a relative precision of only 10^-5 would already surpass the absolute precision of the kaon-antikaon mass comparison. [1] ASACUSA collaboration, Proposal CERN-SPSC 2005-002, SPSC P-307 Add. 1, 2005. [2] B. Juhasz, E. Widmann, Hyp. Int. 193 (2009) 305. [3] R. Bluhm, V.A. Kostelecky, N. Russell, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 (1999) 2254.

Speaker: Dr Bertalan Juhasz (Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Vienna, Austria)

Slides juhasz_discrete2010_talk.pdf

Cosmology and astroparticles, dark matter (1)

39 Dark forces and light Higgs searches at BABAR

We present searches for exotic new particles, including light weakly- interacting gauge bosons, low-mass Higgs bosons, and dark-matter candidates, performed with the BABAR detector and the PEP-II asymmetric B-Factory. Such particles appear in extensions of the Standard Model that attempt to explain recent astro-particle data and fix the hierarchy problem of the Standard Model Higgs sector. The searches are performed in the data samples collected by BABAR near the Y(4S) resonance, as well as at the narrow Y(2S) and Y(3S) resonances.

Speaker: Prof. Yury Kolomensky (UC Berkeley/LBNL)

Slides discrete10_kolomensky.pdf

40 Axial charge segregation during a first order phase transition in the presence of hypermagnetic fields

We study the scattering of fermions off a finite width bubble wall during the electroweak phase transition in the presence of a background hypermagnetic field. We show that the chiral nature of the fermion coupling with the background field in the symmetric phase generates an axial asymmetry in the scattering processes. We discuss possible implications of such axial charge segregation for baryon number generation.

Speaker: Dr Gabriella Piccinelli (Centro tecnologico, FES Aragón, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México)

Slides roma_piccinelli.pdf

41 Neutralino direct detection searches with gravitino LSP in the degenerate scenario

In the framework of the constrained NMSSM it is assumed that the gravitino LSP and the lightest neutralino NLSP are nearly degenerate in mass. In this scenario the neutralino is quasi-stable, the BBN constraints are easily avoided, and a large reheating temperature compatible with thermal leptogenesis can be obtained. Since the neutralino is extremely long-lived, a) it partially contributes to the cold dark matter abundance, and b) it may be found in direct detection searches.

Speaker: Dr Grigoris Panotopoulos (University of Valencia and IFIC)

Slides Rome_DISCRETE2010_panotopoulos.pdf

T, C, P, CP symmetries, accidental symmetries (B, L cons.) (5)

42 Measurement of BR(K --> e nu)/BR(K --> mu nu) in NA62

Measurement of the helicity suppressed ratio of charged kaon leptonic decay rates BR(K --> e nu)/BR(K --> mu nu) has long been considered as an excellent test of lepton universality and the Standard Model (SM) description of weak interactions. It was realised recently that the suppression of the SM contribution might enhance the sensitivity to SUSY-induced effects to an experimentally accessible level. The NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS has collected a record number of over 10^5 K --> e nu decays during a dedicated run in 2007, aiming at achieving 0.5% precision. Experimental strategy, details of the analysis and results will be discussed.

Speaker: Mauro Piccini (PG)

Slides Piccini.pdf

43 Lepton universality and LFV in Upsilon decays

We present the results of recent BABAR studies of narrow Upsilon states, in particular, tests of lepton universality, lepton flavour violation and direct searches for low-mass physics beyond the standard model.

Speaker: Elisa Guido (GE)

Slides guido.pdf.pdf

44 Tau lepton physics at Belle

We present the results of a search for lepton flavor violating tau decays and a search for CP violation in tau to nu K_S pi using a large data sample accumulated with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^+e^- collider. The sensitivity to these modes is significantly improved compared to previous experiments.

Speaker: Prof. Kiyoshi Hayasaka (Nagoya Univ.)

Slides hayasaka.pdf

16:40 Coffee break

Neutrino mass, mixing and discrete symmetries (3)

45 Hint of CPT Violation in Short-Baseline Electron Neutrino Disappearance

We analyzed the electron neutrino data of the Gallium radioactive source experiments and the electron antineutrino data of the reactor Bugey and Chooz experiments in terms of neutrino oscillations allowing for a CPT-violating difference of the squared-masses and mixings of neutrinos and antineutrinos. We found that the discrepancy between the disappearance of electron neutrinos indicated by the data of the Gallium radioactive source experiments and the limits on the disappearance of electron antineutrinos given by the data of reactor experiments reveal a positive CPT-violating asymmetry of the effective neutrino and antineutrino mixing angles (with a statistical significance of about 3.5 sigma), whereas the squared-mass asymmetry is practically not bounded.

Speaker: Dr Carlo Giunti (INFN, Torino)

Slides giunti-101207-discrete.pdf

46 Double Chooz experiment

One of the fundamental open issues in neutrino oscillation physics is the measurement of the mixing angle theta13, whose best upper limit to date is provided by the Chooz experiment. The Double Chooz reactor neutrino experiment will be the next detector to search for a non vanishing theta13 mixing angle with unprecedented sensitivity, which might open the way to unveiling CP violation in the leptonic sector. The measurement of this angle will be based in a precise comparison of the antineutrino spectrum at two identical detectors located at different distances from the Chooz nuclear reactor cores in France. Phase I of Double Chooz, starting in summer 2010 with only one detector, will be able to improve the current theta13 limit with only a few months of operation. In this talk, I will review the current status of the Double Chooz experiment and its physics potential.

Speaker: Mrs Carmen Palomares (CIEMAT)

Slides Double-Chooz-Roma.pdf

47 CPT and Flavour Neutrino puzzles disentangled by Longest Anti-neutrino Beam Baseline

We discuss the possible discover of CPT trace in present Neutrino experiments data and future ones. In particular we reconsider both SK and Deep core in Icecube as possible detector of atmospheric anisotropies mostly due to common oscillation and eventual anomalous CPT violated mass term. We shall show novel experimental set-up and detailed prediction able to obtain sharp neutrino mass and flavour mixing term in a very near future.

Speaker: Prof. Daniele Fargion (RM1)

Slides Fargion-Discrete-MICRO-2010.ppt

48 SUSY Renormalization Group Effects in Ultra High Energy Neutrinos

We have explored the question of whether the renormalisation group running of the neutrino mixing parameters is observable in experiments with high energy neutrinos, in both the SM and MSSM. Using neutrinos from Active Galactic Nuclei, we define observables where the effects of the running could be visible. We also establish the conditions required for these effects to be distinguishable from the no-running situation. The prospects for observing such deviations in an IceCube-size Cerenkov detector are taken into consideration.

Speaker: Dr Joel Jones-Perez (INFN - Frascati)

Slides jjonesperez.pdf.pdf

T, C, P, CP symmetries, accidental symmetries (B, L cons.) (6)

49 Constraining non-Abelian flavour symmetries

We consider models of fermion masses and mixing, where the Standard Model is extended by the discrete family symmetry A4. In these models, the Standard Model Higgs field transforms as a triplet of the family symmetry group, giving quite an extended Higgs sector. We consider two models that have been shown to explain the mass matrices in respectively the the quark sector and in the lepton sector. We study the Higgs boson spectrum in more detail, showing that the experimental bounds on light Higgses, the oblique corrections and rare decays of leptons and hadrons provide stringent bounds on the A4-triplet Higgs models.

Speaker: Mr Reinier de Adelhart Toorop (Nikhef Amsterdam)

Slides DeAdelhartToorop.pdf

50 Gauged non-Abelian discrete family symmetries

Non-Abelian discrete family symmetries have been adopted in numerous models which try to explain the triplication of chiral families and describe the observed tri-bimaximal pattern of the leptonic mixing matrix. In my talk I motivate and discuss a possible gauge origin of such a discrete family symmetry. How does the remnant family symmetry arise in this scenario? What are the resulting implications for model building?

Speaker: Dr Christoph Luhn (University of Southampton)

Slides luhn.pdf

51 Nearest-Neighbour Interaction from an Abelian Symmetry and Deviations from Hermiticity

We show that Nearest-Neighbour Interaction (NNI) textures for the quark mass matrices can be obtained through the introduction of an Abelian flavour symmetry. The minimal realisation re- quires a Z4 symmetry in the context of a two Higgs doublet model. It is further shown that the NNI textures can be in agreement with all present experimental data on quark masses and mixings, provided one allows for deviations of Hermiticity in the quark mass matrices at the 20% level.

Speaker: Catarina Simoes (Centro de Física Teórica de Partículas - Instituto Superior Técnico)

Slides Simoes.pdf

52 The flavour symmetry S_3

By introducing three Higgs fields that are SU(2) doublets and a flavour permutational symetry, S_3, in the theory, we extend the concepts of flavour and generations to the Higgs sector and formulate a Minimal S_3-Invariant Extension of the Standard Model. The mass matrices of the neutrinos and charged leptons are reparametrized in terms of their eigenvalues, then the neutrino mixing matrix V_PMNS, is computed and exact, explicit analytical expressions for the neutrino mixing angles as functions of the masses of neutrinos and charged leptons are obtained in excellent agrement with the latest experimental data. We also compute the branching ratios of some selected flavour changing neutral current (FCNC) processes as well as the contribution of the exchange of neutral flavour-changing scalars to the anomaly of the magnetic moment of the muon as functions of the masses of charged leptons and the neutral Higgs bosons. We find that the S_3 x Z_2 flavour symmetry and the strong mass hierrchy of the charged leptons strongly suppress the FCNC processes in the leptonic sector well below the present experimental upper bounds by many orders of magnitude. The contribution of FCNC to the anomaly of the muon's magnetic moment is small but non-negligible.

Speaker: Prof. Alfonso Mondragon (Institute of Physics/National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM))

Slides Mondragon.pdf

19:00 Concert

Wednesday, 8 December

09:30 FREE FOR EXCURSIONS

Thursday, 9 December

Plenary Session 5

53 Search for CP and CPT violation effects in neutrino oscillations

Speaker: Prof. M. Mezzetto

Slides Discrete-Mezzetto.pdf

54 Discrete symmetries and models of flavor mixing

Evidences of the discrete symmetries behind the pattern of lepton mixing are analyzed. Various possible ways are considered to extend the symmetries to the quark sector. There are generic features and problems of realization of the discrete symmetries in consistent gauge models. The key issues include the symmetry breaking, connection of mixing and masses, introduction of new particles, etc.. Observational consequences of the symmetries and their future experimental tests are discussed.

Speaker: Prof. Alexei Smirnov (International Centre for Theoretical Physics)

Slides rome10_smirnov.ppt

10:30 Coffee break

Plenary Session 6

55 Neutrinoless double beta decay

Neutrinoless double beta decay (0nuDBD) is a very powerful tool to probe the character of neutrinos. In case neutrinos are Majorana particles it can provide fundamental informations on their absolute mass scale. The present status of experiments searching for 0nuDBD is reviewed and the most relevant results discussed. Given the observation of neutrino oscillations and the present knowledge of neutrino masses and mixing parameters, a possibility to observe 0nuDBD at a neutrino mass scale in the range 10-50 meV could actually exist. The achievement of the required experimental sensitivity is a real challenge faced by a number of new proposed projects. A review of the various proposed experiments in the context of their figure-of-merit parameters is given. The most important parameters contributing to the experimental sensitivity are finally outlined.

Speaker: Prof. O. Cremonesi

Slides cremonesi-discrete2010.pdf

56 Baryogenesis and Leptogenesis

The observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe represents one of the cosmological hints of physics beyond the Standard Model. We will review the most popular mechanisms to generate the baryon asymmetry and the possible ways of testing them.

Speaker: Dr Antonio Walter Riotto (CERN, INFN PD)

Slides DiscreteRiotto2010.pdf

57 Planck Satellite: status and perspectives

Speaker: Prof. R. Mandolesi

Slides Mandolesi_Discrete_10-07_Dec_2010_RM.pptx

13:15 Lunch

CPT and Lorentz symmetries, QM (2)

58 Testing the Pauli Exclusion Principle for electrons

The Pauli Principle represents one of the most important rules in physics and explains numerous phenomena in physics as well as characteristic properties of matter, like its stability. Testing the validity of this principle at the highest possible sensitivity is a challenging experimental task - the VIP experiment at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory aims at a limit of the order of 10^-29 to 10^-30. The method is based on the search for Pauli-forbidden x-ray transitions in a pure copper conductor using silicon x-ray detectors with high resolution in energy. The experimental setup, results obtained so far and new ideas to further enhance the sensitivity will be presented.

Speaker: Dr Johann Marton (Stefan Meyer Institute)

Slides JMarton-VIP-7dec10.pdf

59 Deviating from the canonical: induced noncommutativity

We examine mechanisms that lead to modified canonical commutation relations, which lie at the heart of CPT symmetries. We find that the effective description of slow degrees of freedom, coupled to fast ones in the adiabatic regime, leads to novel forms of noncommutativity - a concrete example of a quantum field theory with these characteristics is presented.

Speaker: Prof. Chryssomalis Chryssomalakos (ICN UNAM)

Slides parasites_DISCRETE_10.ppt

60 Strong Interactions, (De)coherence and Quarkonia

Quarkonia are the central objects to explore the non-perturbative nature of non-abelian gauge theories. We describe the confinement-deconfinement phases for heavy quarkonia in a hot QCD medium and thereby the statistical nature of the inter-quark forces. In the sense of one-loop quantum effects, we propose that the "quantum" nature of quark matters follows directly from the thermodynamic consideration of Richardson potential. Thereby we gain an understanding of the formation of hot and dense states of quark gluon plasma matter in heavy ion collisions and the early universe. In the case of the non-abelian theory, the consideration of the Sudhakov form factor turns out to be an efficient tool for soft gluons. In the limit of the Block-Nordsieck resummation, the strong coupling obtained from the Sudhakov form factor yields the statistical nature of hadronic bound states, e.g. kaons and Ds particles. We provide a unified description encompassing all the regimes of QCD at finite temperature, i.e. the Coulombic, the linear rising and the Regge rotating regimes, for both massless and massive quarkonia. Our results can be used to investigate the statistical nature of soft gluons at LHC.

Speaker: Dr Bhupendra Nath Tiwari (LNF)

Slides bntiwari-Talk-Discrete10.pdf

Experimental Prospects at LHC, Superflavor factories and new facilities (1)

61 Status and prospects for the KLOE-2 experiment

The KLOE experiment is going to start a new data taking campaign (as KLOE-2) at DAFNE, the e+e- collider of the Frascati Laboratories of INFN. The machine colliding scheme has indeed been modified by using a crabbed waist scheme in the interaction region. An increase of a about a factor 3 in luminosity is expected which should grant O(20 fb-1) in few years of running. The KLOE-2 detector has also been upgraded with the insertion of small angle taggers for gamma-gamma physics. The construction of larger upgrades such as an Inner Tracker, close to the interaction point, and two small angle calorimeters is underway with the aim of completing their insertion at the end of next year. The KLOE-2 scientific program aims to improve the experimental studies on hadronic physics at low energy and on kaons, e.g. low energy QCD, gamma-gamma physics, the contribution of hadron vacuum polarization to the muon anomalous magnet, CKM unitarity and Lepton Universality, CPT symmetry and quantum mechanics' studies.

Speaker: Dr Stefano Miscetti (LNF - INFN)

Slides discrete2010_miscetti.pdf

62 The NA62 experiment at CERN

The NA62 experiment aims to collect of the order of 100 K+ to pi+ nu nubar decays with a 10% level of background. Studies using Monte Carlo simulation of the apparatus and data from test beam runs were performed to assess the expected sensitivity of the apparatus. The results about signal acceptance and background rejection will be presented.

Speaker: Gianluca Lamanna (PI)

Slides lamanna_discrete2010.pptx

63 Progress of the SNS Neutron Electric Dipole Moment Experiment

A new experimental search for a permanent electric dipole moment of the neutron is under construction at the Spallation Neutron Source at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. It makes use of a traditional technique, in which the Larmor precession frequency of a sample of neutrons held in a magnetic field is monitored for shifts upon the application of a strong electric field in parallel. The experiment is novel in that it uses ultracold neutrons produced via the superthermal process (the downscattering of cold neutrons by phonons) in a bath of superfluid helium-4 and subsequently held in the bath. Neutron precession is monitored via an optical system that detects scintillation light from the capture reaction of the neutrons on polarized helium-3 atoms in the bath. The projected sensitivity is about two orders of magnitude greater than in previous experiments, given the exceptionally high statistics, long integration times, and high electric fields anticipated with this approach.

Speaker: Mr Joshua Long (Indiana University)

Slides discrete_2010_nEDM_long_e.pptx

64 Future neutrino beam facilities

Since the discovery of neutrino oscillations in 1998, the understanding of neutrino properties has grown very fast and it is the sole evidence of New Physisc. We know that neutrinos are massive, leptonic number is not conserved, their mixing parameters but one (th13) have been accurately measured. The discovery of a non-zero th13 is the goal of the present generation of experiments: T2K, Double CHOOZ, Reno, Daya Bay. The outcomes of these searches will have a deep impact on the next generation of neutrino facilities and experiments. Indeed, the possibility of measuring the CP violation in the leptonic sector strongly relies upon the size of th13. Three neutrino beam facilities based on different approaches have been proposed for the next generation of experiments: Super-Beam, Beta-Beta and Neutrino Factory. The goal of these facilities is to either provide a beam for the ultimate search for a non-zero th13 or for the discovery of the CP violation in the leptonic sector. After a review of the basic principles of each facility and the status of the R&D, a comparison of their sensitivities both for a th13 discovery and for a CP violation measurement is also presented.

Speaker: Dr Pasquale Migliozzi (NA)

Slides MigliozziDISCRETE2010.ppt

T, C, P, CP symmetries, accidental symmetries (B, L cons.) (7)

65 Semileptonic and leptonic decays at BABAR

We describe recent measurements of B and charm semileptonic and leptonic decay branching fractions and the determination of CKM matrix elements.

Speaker: Dr Joao Firmino da Costa (DESY)

Slides 1_costa_0912.pdf

66 Minimal Flavour Violation and Multi-Higgs Models

We propose an extension of the hypothesis of Minimal Flavour Violation (MFV) to general multi-Higgs Models without the assumption of Natural Flavour Conservation in the Higgs sector. We study in detail under what conditions the neutral Higgs couplings are only functions of $V_{CKM}$ and propose a MFV expansion for the neutral Higgs couplings to fermions.

Speaker: Margarida Nesbitt Rebelo (CFTP/IST (UTL))

Slides 2_rebelo_0912.pdf

67 First ADS analysis of B^+ --> D0 K decays in hadron collisions

The CDF experiment reports the first measurement of branching fractions and CP-violating asymmetries of doubly-Cabibbo suppressed B^+ --> D0 K decays in hadron collisions, using the approach proposed by Atwood, Dunietz, and Soni (ADS) to determine the CKM angle gamma. Using 5.0 fb-1 of data the combined significance of both B^+ \to D0 pi/K signals exceeds 5sigma, and the ADS parameters are determined with accuracy comparable with B factories measurements.

Speaker: Paola Garosi (PI)

Slides garosi_0912.pdf

68 Studies of hadronic B decays with early LHCb data

Hadronic B decays offer rich opportunities for CP-violation studies. Decays of the type B -> DX, where D represents a charmed meson (D0, D(*)+ or D_s), allow for a theoretically clean determination of the CKM triangle angle γ which will provide a Standard Model benchmark of this quantity, robust against new physics effects. Decays into charmless final states, on the other hand, in general receive significant contributions from loop diagrams and are susceptible to the effects of new heavy particles. The trigger schemes of LHCb, and the particle identification provided by its RICH system, give the experiment high sensitivity to these decays. Signals will be shown from the present LHC run, and the measurement programme with the 2010-11 data set will be discussed.

Speaker: Dr Eduardo Rodrigues (University of Glasgow)

Slides 2010-12-09_DISCRETE2010.pdf

16:40 Coffee break

Cosmology and astroparticles, dark matter (2)

69 Understanding Cosmic Rays and searching for Dark Matter with PAMELA

After four years of data taking in space, the experiment PAMELA is showing very interesting features in cosmic rays that might change our basic vision of their mechanisms of production, acceleration and propagation in the galaxy. In addition, PAMELA measurements of cosmic antimatter fluxes are setting strong constraints to the nature of Dark Matter. In this talk PAMELA main results will be reviewed.

Speaker: Dr Roberta Sparvoli (University of Rome ”Tor Vergata”, and INFN Section of Rome ”Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy)

Slides Sparvoli_discrete_2010.pdf

70 Cosmic Sum Rules

We introduce new sum rules allowing to determine universal properties of the unknown component of the cosmic rays and show how they can be used to predict the positron fraction at energies not yet explored by current experiments and to constrain specific models.

Speaker: Prof. Isabella Masina (Ferrara University and CP3-Origins)

Slides Masina-Cosmic.pdf Masina-Cosmic.pps

71 Search for Dark Matter in Cosmic Rays with the AMS-02 space spectrometer.

The growing observational evidence for Dark Matter from astrophysical observations gives a solid base to the Cosmological Standar Model. On the other side, the Standard Model of particles and interactions has no answer on DM nature. Experimental evidence of DM from underground experiments is under scrutiny while recent results from space experiments have no clear interpretation. The cosmic rays spectrometer AMS-02 will be placed on the ISS Space Station on 27 February 2011 and should take data for at least 10 years. The performances of the experimental apparatus and the perspectives opened by this new powerful observational instrument will be breafly reviewed. In particular a complete exploration of the positron ed electron spectra with high statistical significance beyond the PAMELA results will hopefully clarify the quest for Dark Matter evidence in cosmic rays.

Speaker: Prof. Federico Palmonari (INFN and University, Bologna)

Slides discrete2010-Palmonari-AMS-_FP-DM-9-12-10.ppt

72 ANTIMATTER AND DARK MATTER : GALAXY STRUCTURE , FLARES AND COSMIC RAYS

Many essential paradoxes in the mechanical balance of the Galaxy are highlighted. We propose a unique and synthetic interpretation, including a cosmological theory of the origin of the observed cosmic rays, especially at the highest energies. It involves MATTER-ANTIMATTER ANNIHILATION in the median plane of the Milky Way, as a source of "DARK MATTER". We discuss the structure and balance of the Galaxy, seen as made of two parallel disks of matter versus antimatter dominance, and opposed by the repulsion of an annihilation gas, settled in the equator disk. The suppression of antimatter in the Universe, just after the "Big-Bang", is thus questioned (from T invariance). ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC THERMODYNAMICS of cosmic rays are then settled. The rhythmic emissions of "Gamma-Ray Bursts" and other flares are easily explained. Various stringent tests tend to confirm this theory : pointedly, the now classical energy behaviour of the incident flux of energetic cosmic rays is easily derived as a power law, possibly with expected exponents -2.5 and -3 (main dependence, including the first knee). Ultra-high energies, further, are easily attainable, with no necessary restriction of the "GZK" kind, for instance. Beyond 10^20 eV, rather, a new break is still thus made feasible. Beyond CP invariance at stake, T reversal is axiomatically discussed, as well as the very nature of time in Special Relativity.

Speaker: Dr Maurice LALOUM (retired CNRS/IN2P3/LPNHE Paris)

Slides Laloum.doc.doc

T, C, P, CP symmetries, accidental symmetries (B, L cons.) (8)

73 Direct Observation of Time Reversal Violation

Although all present tests of CPT invariance confirm this symmetry, impossed by any local quantum field theory with Lorentz invariance, it would be of great interest to observe Time Reversal Violation (TRV) directly in a single experiment, independent of CP, and as a genuine test, implying the interchange between in-states and out-states. The only theoretical ingredient to perform this test is the quantum-mechanical EPR entanglement, produced after the decay of the Phi or Upsilon(4S) as it is done in the Phi-factories or B-factories, for which the individual state of each neutral meson is not defined before the decay of its orthogonal partner. The experimental analysis for the measurement of CP, T, and CPT asymmetries as function of the time difference between the first and the second neutral meson decays is discussed, as well as the significance of the expected results in Monte Carlo simulations.

Speaker: Pablo Villanueva-Pérez (IFIC)

Slides Discrete_Pablo_Villanueva.pdf

74 CP violation results from B decays at BABAR

We present recent results from the BABAR collaboration of measurements of CP violating B decays and the determination of the unitarity triangle.

Speaker: Pietro Biassoni (MI)

Slides biassoni.pdf

75 CPV in B decays at Belle

Recent results on CP violation measurements in B decays from Belle are reported. Thanks to large accumulated data sample, CP violation in B decays in mixing-decay interference and direct CP-violation are now firmly established.

Speaker: Dr Masaya Iwabuchi (Yensei Unv.)

Slides iwabuchi_101209.pdf

76 Angular analysis of B -> V(-> P_1 P_2) l+ l-

The angular analysis of B -> V (-> P_1 P_2) l+ l- provides a rather large set of observables. They allow for tests of electro-weak short distance couplings in the Standard Model and searches beyond. Moreover, the two distinct regions of low- and high-dilepton invariant mass, which depend in a complimentary way on short distance physics, can be treated systematically in power expansions. These expansions provide insights in suitable combinations of observables either in order to reduce theoretical hadronic uncertainties in the extraction of short distance couplings or vice versa providing tests for QCD-lattice calculations in short distance independent combinations. Several such possibilities of CP averaged and CP asymmetric T-even and T-odd quantities will be presented for B -> K*(-> K pi) l+l- and time-integrated CP asymmetries for B_s -> phi(-> K+ K-) l+l- in view of the latest B-factory and CDF results and the expected LHCb run.

Speaker: Dr Christoph Bobeth (TU München - IAS/Excellence Cluster Universe)

Slides bobeth-DISCRETE-09.12.10.pdf

Friday, 10 December

Plenary Session 7

77 Perspectives on Lorentz and CPT symmetry violation

In the last fifteen years, there has been a growing interest in the possibility that Lorentz and CPT symmetries may not be exact. Both string theory and loop quantum gravity suggest the possibility of Lorentz and CPT violations in certain regimes. An effective field theory has been developed to describe such violations: the standard model extension (SME). Many of the parameters in the SME are subject to stringent experimental constraints, and of particular interest are astrophysical constraints on Lorentz violations in the electron sector, which come from observations of the synchrotron and inverse Compton spectra of high-energy sources.

Speaker: Prof. Brett Altschul (University of South Carolina)

Slides DISCETE10.ppt

78 T and CPT symmetries in entangled meson systems

Genuine tests of an asymmetry under T and/or CPT transformations imply the interchange between in-states and out-states. I explain a methodology to perform model-independent separate measurements of the three CP, T and CPT symmetry violations for transitions involving the decay of the neutral meson systems and in B- and factories. It makes use of the quantum-mechanical entanglement only, for which the individual state of each neutral meson is not defined before the decay of its orthogonal partner. The final proof of the independence of the three asymmetries is that no other theoretical ingredient is involved and that the event sample corresponding to each case is different from the other two. The experimental analysis for the measurements of these three asymmetries as function of the time interval ∆t >0 between the first and second decays is discussed, as well as the significance of the expected results. In particular, one may advance a first observation of true, direct, evidence of Time-Reserval-Violation by many standard deviations from zero, without any reference to, and independent of, CP-Violation. In some quantum gravity framework the CPT-transformation is ill-defined, so that there is a resulting loss of particle-antiparticle identity. This mechanism induces a breaking of the EPR correlation in the entanglement imposed by Bose statistics to the neutral meson system, the so-called ω-effect. I present: i) results and prospects for the ω-parameter; ii) the effect of this modified entanglement for the analysis of the three CP, T and CPT asymmetries discussed before.

Speaker: Prof. Jose Bernabeu (IFIC & University of Valencia)

Slides DISCRETE2010_bernabeu.pdf

10:30 Coffee break

Plenary Session 8

79 Baryon and dark matter genesis

Speaker: Prof. L. Hall

Slides DISCRETE_2010-Hall.pdf

80 Status and prospects for lepton flavor violation searches

The status of charged lepton flavour violation searches is reviewed. The last result of the MEG experiment is discussed in detail. The perspectives of new searches are presented.

Speaker: Prof. M. Grassi

Slides Discrete2010-grassi.pptx

81 Experimental review on EDM

Speaker: Prof. Y. Semertzidis

Slides YkS_Rome_20101209.ppt

13:15 Lunch

Cosmology and astroparticles, dark matter (3)

82 U boson searches at KLOE-2

The possible existence of a new light vector boson mediator of a gauge interaction under which SM particles are neutral and which couples with the SM via a kinetic mixing mechanism has recently been postulated by several authors. Such particle can be produced in e+e- collisions and/or decays of vector bosons and be visible in existing experiments, provided that the mixing parameter is of order of 10^2-10^3. These new gauge interaction can potentially have a rather complex structure, for instance there could be a specific Higgs sector, different from the SM one, resulting in many possible signatures for its existence. We present searches performed using the data acquired by the KLOE detector at DAFNE, the Frascati phi-factory of INFN. Signals from both the continuum and from phi meson decays have been analysed, from whihc reliminary limits for the mixing parameter can be derived.

Speaker: Dr Simona Giovannella (LNF)

Slides giovannella_DISCRETE2010.pdf

83 Searches for hidden valley particles with D0 detector in ppbar collisions at Fermilab

In hidden valley scenarios, new particles with relatively light masses are hypothesized to exist in a "potential valley" separated from the standard model by a high potential barrier. At high energy colliders, this barrier could be crossed leading to the production of hidden valley particles which could decay to standard model particles after moderately short lifetimes. Results from multiple searches for hidden valley particles in ppbar collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV, collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider are reported.

Speaker: Dr Yuri Gershtein

Slides DISCRETE_gershtein.pdf

84 Hidden valley searches in ATLAS

A number of extensions of the Standard Model result in neutral and weakly-coupled particles that decay to multi hadrons or multi leptons with macroscopic decay lengths. These particles with decay paths that can be comparable with ATLAS detector dimensions represent, from an experimental point of view, a challenge both for the trigger and for the reconstruction capabilities of the ATLAS detector. We will present a set of signature driven triggers for the ATLAS detector that target such displaced decays and evaluate their performances for some benchmark models. and describe analysis strategies and limits on the production of such long-lived particles that can be achieved with the first 100 pb-1.

Speaker: Dr Monica Verducci (Unievrsity of Washington)

Slides Werducci_HiddenValley.pdf

85 Searches for Supersymmetry with the CMS detector at the LHC

Supersymmetry may give rise to striking events that could be discovered early in LHC running. We discuss search strategies based on the generic event signatures of high jet multiplicity and large missing transverse momentum, optionally including leptons and photons in the final state. An important aspect of such searches is the commissioning of search variables with LHC data, and demonstrating a good understanding of the detector, which is discussed in detail. Techniques for estimating the contributions from Standard Model background processes using data are presented. Finally prospects for a discovery in are reviewed.

Speaker: Dr Edmund Widl (HEPHY)

Slides widl.pdf.pdf

Experimental Prospects at LHC, Superflavor factories and new facilities (2)

86 Mu2e: A New Muon to Electron Conversion Experiment at Fermilab

The Mu2e Experiment is now being developed at Fermilab, with the goal to improve on the existing limit for the neutrinoless conversion of a muon to an electron in the field of a nucleus by four orders of magnitude. This reaction is an example of Charged Lepton Flavor Violation (CLFV). CLFV has never been observed in any reaction of any kind. The existence of neutrino oscillations leads to a Standard Model prediction of the rate for mu to e which is far smaller than current or forseeable experimental limits, and consequently the observation of mu to e conversion would be a clean indication of new physics. Most models of new physics predict a signal just beyond current limits, therefore a four order of magnitude improvement in the measurement will either see a signal or place dramatic limits on the flavor conservation requirements of any theory beyond the SM. We will describe some of the theory motivation, then the experiment itself. A pulsed negative muon beam is stopped in a thin aluminum target. Each stopped muon forms a muonic atom, placing the muon in close proximity to the aluminum nucleus. The goal is to measure the ratio of the rate of mu-e conversion to the rate of ordinary muon capture with a single event sesnitivity of 2e-17. The development of the necessary high-acceptance muon source, methods of detection of the monoenergetic conversion electron, and background suppression will be described.

Speaker: Franco Cervelli (PI)

Slides cervellif.ppt

87 ICARUS-T600 and beyond: LAr-TPC for neutrino physics and proton decay search

Liquid Argon TPCs are very promising detectors for neutrino and astroparticle physics thanks to their high granularity, good energy resolution and 3D imaging, allowing a precise event reconstruction. At the end of May 2010 the ICARUS-T600, the first underground large mass LAr-TPC devoted to the experimental study of neutrinos, matter stability and, more generally, rare phenomena, recorded the first CNGS neutrino interaction at INFN Gran Sasso Laboratory. ICARUS-T600 represents also an important step of the Liquid Argon technique towards the realization of much larger LAr-TPC detectors for future neutrino and matter stability projects.

Speaker: Christian Farnese (PD)

Slides Farnese_DISCRETE10.ppt

88 First Results of Searches for New Physics at sqrt(s)= 7 TeV with the CMS detector

We discuss the first results of searches for various new physics phenomena with the 7 TeV pp-collision LHC data with the CMS detector. While the sensitivity of these very early searches is yet to supersede current limits on these new physics phenomena, we demonstrate good understanding of the detector and backgrounds in a variety of channels, which is a fundamental component of successful searches. We present prospective reach in a number of channels to be achieved in 2010 and beyond.

Speaker: Mr Paolo Azzurri (INFN Pisa)

Slides Discrete2010_azzurri.pdf Discrete2010_azzurri.pdf

89 New Physics with ATLAS: experimental prospects

During 2010 the ATLAS detector has collected \sim 40~pb$^-1$ of {\it proton-proton} collisions at \sqrt{s}=7~TeV. These data have been used for a wide range of Exotic searches such as high-mass final states and contact interactions. Early inclusive SUSY searches have been also performed for a wide range of final states. The most recent results for search of physics beyond the Standard Model with the ATLAS detector are presented. Prospects for physics searches in view of higher luminosity scenarios will be discussed together with the most relevant experimental aspects and recent performance results.

Speaker: Dr Giovanni Siragusa (Johannes Gutenberg Univesität - Mainz (Germania))

Slides siragusa_discrete2010.pdf

T, C, P, CP symmetries, accidental symmetries (B, L cons.) (9)

90 Probing New Physics in Electroweak Penguins through $B_d$ and $B_s$ decays

The large discrepancy between theory and experiment observed in $A_{\rm CP}(B^-\to\pi^0 K^-)-A_{\rm CP}(\bar{B}^0\to\pi^+ K^-)$ can be solved with the introduction of a new electroweak penguin amplitude. Motivated by this result, we analyze the $\bar B_s\to\phi\rho^0$ and $\bar B_s\to\phi\pi^0$ decays which are dominated by the electroweak penguins, and show that in presence of a new electroweak penguin amplitude their branching ratio can be enhanced by up to an order of magnitude, without violating any constraints from other non-leptonic decays. This makes them interesting modes to be investigated at LHCb and future $B$ factories. We perform both a model independent analysis and a study within realistic NP models such as a modified $Z^0$ penguin scenario, a model with an additional $U(1)$ and supersymmetry. In these cases the new amplitude can be correlated with other flavour phenomena such as the semileptonic $B$ decays and $B_s$-$\bar{B}_s$ mixing, which yields more stringent constraints on the enhancement of the two $B_s$ decays.

Speaker: Dr Leonardo Vernazza (Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz)

Slides 1_vernazza_1012.pdf

91 Bs decays at Belle

The B-factories have successfully exploited the unique advantages of the Upsilon(4S) resonance to study many aspects of Bd and Bu mesons. The Upsilon(10860) (aka Upsilon(5S)) resonance, which is above mass threshold for the Bs and shares many of the same advantages, has been relatively unexplored. The Belle experiment has collected more than 120 fb-1 at the Upsilon(10860). Recent results based on ~20% of these data are presented and prospects for future possibilities discussed.

Speaker: Mr Remi Louvot (Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL))

Slides 2_louvot_1012.pdf

92 New measurement of the B0_s mixing phase and observation of suppressed Bs decays at CDF

The CDF experiment presents improved bounds on the CP-violating phase beta_s and on the decay-width difference DeltaGamma_s of the neutral B_s0 meson system. We use 6500 B_s0 --> J/psi Phi decays collected by the dimuon trigger and reconstructed in a sample corresponding to 5.2 fb^{-1} of dat Besides exploiting a two-fold increase in statistics with respect to the previous measurement, several improvements have been introduced in the analysis including a fully data-driven flavor-tagging calibration and proper treatment of possible S-wave contributions. In addition, the first observation of suppressed B0_s --> J/Psi K* and Bs-->J/psiK_s will be reported.

Speaker: Ms Louise Oakes (Technische Universität München)

Slides DISCRETE2010_Oakes.pdf

93 Prospects for CP violation in B0_s -> J/psi phi from first LHCb data

The determination of the CP-violating phase in B0_s -> J/psi phi decays is one of the key goals of the LHCb experiment. Its value is predicted to be very small in the Standard Model but can be significantly enhanced in many models of New Physics. The steps towards a precise determination of this phase with a flavour-tagged, time-dependent, angular analysis of the decay B0_s -> J/psi phi will be reviewed and first studies performed with data collected at LHC in pp collisions at 7 TeV center-of-mass energy will be presented. Prospects will also be discussed for measurements of other CP-violating observables in the B0_s sector.

Speaker: Dr Olivier Leroy (CPPM CNRS/IN2P3 and Aix-Marseille University, France)

Slides 20101210-DISCRETE-OL.pdf

16:40 Coffee break

Experimental Prospects at LHC, Superflavor factories and new facilities (3)

94 The LHCb upgrade

"LHCb probes physics beyond the Standard Model by measuring CP violating and rare b and c decays. It also searches for the production of exotic objects at large rapidities and relatively small transverse momenta. Sensitivities can be greatly enhanced by having an order of magnitude larger data sample than originally planned and a more flexible trigger. We can reconfigure the LHCb experiment to collect data at five times the rate of its current design. We also can improve the efficiency of triggering on purely hadronic final states by about a factor of two. We will describe the physics objectives of such an upgrade, and discuss the necessary changes in the detector. Our plans include being able to examine each of the 40 MHz of beam crossings in order to decide which events to keep, by reading out the entire detector into a farm of computers and making the selections purely in software. Such a flexible trigger design allows for easy and highly efficient changes when different processes or decay modes are indicated to be important to analyze are suggested for investigation. We also will outline progress for a new pixel based vertex detector and improvements in other systems.

Speaker: Prof. Skwarnicki Tomasz (Syracuse University)

Slides LHCb-Upgrade-Discrete2010.pdf

95 Light dark forces at flavour factories

SuperB experiment could represent an ideal environment to test a new U(1) symmetry related to light dark forces candidates. A promising discovery channel is represented by the resonant production of a boson $U$, followed by its decay into lepton pairs. Beyond approximations adopted in the literature, an exact tree level calculation of the radiative processes $e^+ e^- \rightarrow \gamma, U \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^- \gamma, e^+ e^- \gamma$ and corresponding QED backgrounds is performed, including also the most important higher-order corrections. The calculation is implemented in a release of the generator BabaYaga@NLO useful for data analysis and interpretation. The distinct features of $U$ boson production are shown and the statistical significance is analysed.

Speaker: Dr Luca Barzè (University - INFN PV)

Slides barze-discrete.pdf.pdf

96 Physics potential of the SuperB Project

The SuperB experiment is a next generation Super Flavour Factory expected to accumulate 75ab-1 of data at the Y(4S) in five years of nominal running. In addition to running data at the Y(4S), SuperB will be able to accumulate data from the psi(3770) up to the Y(6S). A polarized electron beam enables unique physics opportunities at SuperB. This talk will review the main aspects of the Superb physics programme related to tests of discrete symmetries.

Speaker: Dr Alberto Cervelli (PI)

Slides CervelliA.pdf

97 Physics Reach and Status of SuperKEKB/Belle II

We summarize the status and present examples of the physics reach of the Belle II detector at the upgraded KEKB electron positron collider - a Super B Factory. Both the accelerator and the Belle detector are currently being upgraded to resume the operation with almost two orders of magnitude higher luminosity in 2014.

Speaker: Prof. Samo Korpar (University of Maribor)

Slides DISCRETE2010-korpar.pdf

T, C, P, CP symmetries, accidental symmetries (B, L cons.) (10)

98 Studies of CP violation and mixing in D meson decays from BABAR

We present the results of studies of D mixing and searches for CP violation in charm decays from the BABAR experiment.

Speaker: Giulia Casarosa (PI)

Slides casarosa_DISCRETE2010.pdf

99 Precision measurements of direct CP violation in D0-->pipi at CDF

Using 6 fb-1 of data, the CDF experiment presents a new measurement of CP-violating asymmetries in D*-tagged D0-->pi^+pi^- decays, where any enhancement from the standard model prediction (of the order of 10-3) would be unambiguous evidence for New Physics. A technique combining asymmetries of pi^+pi^-, and K^-pi^+ D0 decays highly suppresses systematic uncertainties due to detector charge-asymmetric efficiencies allowing a world-leading measurement limited only by statistical uncertainties.

Speaker: Fabrizio Ruffini (PI)

Slides discrete_2010_ruffini.pdf.pdf

100 Results and prospects for Charm Physics at LHCb

Precision measurements in charm physics offer a window into a unique sector of potential New Physics interactions. LHCb is poised to become a world leading experiment for charm studies, recording enormous statistics with a detector tailored for flavour physics. The conditions of the 2010-11 run of LHC are especially conducive to the collection of charm events, with a very large data set already attainable this year. First charm results will be shown using data collected at LHCb in pp collisions at 7 TeV center-of-mass energy, including measurements of the production cross-section and characterization of the signal samples in the key decay modes. The prospects for measurements of CP violation, mixing, and rare decays of charm mesons at LHCb will also be presented.

Speaker: Dr Jonas Rademacker (University of Bristol)

Slides DiscreteCharmLHCbJonasRademacker.pdf

101 Decoding new physics at 1fb^-1 LHC with flavour and CP observables

If the SUSY-breaking scale is low, as preferred for a solution of the hierarchy problem, then light, coloured SUSY particles may be copiously produced in the initial LHC run at 7 TeV; in the most favourable scenarios the squark and gluino masses may even be measured to a respectable accuracy. I show how this early LHC data can be combined with existing measurements in the flavour sector to constrain the remaining SUSY spectrum and make predictions for design-energy LHC running. I also discuss the prospects for future flavour- and CP-violation experiments in these early-discovery scenarios, in the context of both Minimal Flavour Violation and Flavour Symmetry models.

Speaker: Dr Robert Hodgkinson (Universitat de Valencia and IFIC)

Slides 4bis_hodgkinson.pdf

20:00 Social Dinner

Saturday, 11 December

Special Session (1)

102 Open problems in particle physics

Speaker: Prof. R. Barbieri

Slides Rome_Dec_2010_Barbieri.pdf

10:50 Coffee break

Special Session (2)

103 Status and prospects for LHC

Speaker: Prof. Gigi Rolandi (CERN)

Slides Discrete_2010_GRolandi.pptx

104 Cabibbo, Radicati, the symmetries in the sixties: where did they bring us?

Speaker: Prof. L. Maiani

Slides Discrete_2010_Maiani.pdf

105 Closing

Slides discrete2012.pdf