X-ray free-electron lasers are the brightest sources of X-rays, with a peak power that is several orders of magnitude larger than synchrotron radiation facilities and table-top high-harmonic sources.
From the development of of high-repetition rate machines to the advent of femtosecond and attosecond pulse shaping, XFELs are the subject of a vigorous research effort worldwide.
At the same time,...
Extreme field gradients intrinsic to relativistic laser-interactions with thin solid targets enable compact multi-MeV proton accelerators. The initial µm-scale acceleration phase is followed by ballistic proton propagation with negligible space-charge effects over millimeters to hundreds of centimeters to a site of analysis/application. The detected proton distribution can be influenced by the...
