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ET - Site Studies and Characterization

Nov 8 – 11, 2021
Nuoro
Europe/Rome timezone

Prof. Frank Linde, Prof. Domenico D'Urso

Contribution List

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  1. 5. Geological and geoelectrical survey of the metamorphic and intrusive rocks on the Einstein Telescope site (Sardinia, Italy)
    Dr Giovanni Luca Cardello (INFN Catania)
    11/8/21, 9:00 AM

    The geological characterization preceding the construction of a large-scale underground structure, such as the Einstein Telescope (ET), is a mandatory step of civil engineering studies. The ET Italian candidate site is located in the Variscan basement of Sardinia because of its geodynamic quietness, very low seismicity and anthropogenic seismic noise. The ET layout is currently projected as an...

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  2. 6. Geophysical characterization of the shallow subsurface in sites P2 and P3 from high-resolution active-source seismic profiling and downhole data: preliminary results
    Dr Fabio Villani (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)
    11/8/21, 10:00 AM

    In the framework of the Project Einstein Telescope Sos Enattos, we report the preliminary results of the active-source seismic surveys performed by the INGV team in sites P2 (labelled as Onani) and P3 (labelled as Bitti) in July and September 2021. The main goal of these surveys was the reconstruction of the shallow subsurface velocity structure in correspondence of the two drilling sites....

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  3. 29. Summary of long term seismic characterization activities at Sos Enattos
    Matteo Di Giovanni (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    11/8/21, 10:30 AM

    During the last two years, Sos Enattos has been the subject of an extensive seismic characterization campaign with the installation of several permanent and temporary seismic stations. In this presentation, I will give an overview of this long-term characterization campaign highlighting the main results that have been obtained so far, including the very low noise levels that have been measured...

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  4. 27. Environmental noise measurements at Sos Enattos
    Rosario De Rosa (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    11/8/21, 11:30 AM

    In this talk I present an update of the long term measurement campaign
    going on in Sardinia, for the environmental noise characterization of the
    ET candidate vertexes. I will mainly focus on the magnetic noise measured
    both in surface and underground of the Sos Enattos site, as well as in P2
    (Bitti). A comparison of the Schumann resonances behavior in both sites
    and a projection of their...

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  5. 25. Array analyses of the seismic noise wavefield at the possible vertices of the Einstein Telescope in Sardinia (Italy)
    Gilberto Saccorotti (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)
    11/8/21, 12:00 PM

    The region surrounding the dismissed mine of Sos Enattos (Sardinia, Italy) is the Italian candidate site for hosting Einstein Telescope (ET), the next-generation gravitational wave (GW) detector. The site that will host ET must fulfill stringent requirements on seismic disturbances, particularly in the bandwidth 1-10 Hz, where the seismic noise is expected to be dominated by sources of...

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  6. 19. Preliminary results from the boreholes at the ET corners in Sardinia
    Dr Luca Naticchioni (INFN Roma)
    11/8/21, 12:30 PM

    In this talk we discuss the preparation of two boreholes at the corners, named P2 and P3, of the ET triangle in Sardinia. The boreholes are designed to host broadband seismometers dedicated to a long-term seismic monitoring at about 250m underground. We also report the principal aspects of the geophysical logs of the boreholes and the sensor installation downhole. Finally, we present the...

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  7. 30. Introduction: Subsidies in Euregio Meuse-Rhine and future opportunities
    Frank LINDE (Nikhef - APPEC), Frédéric Nguyen (University of Liège)
    11/8/21, 3:00 PM

    Introduction: Subsidies in Euregio Meuse-Rhine and future opportunities

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  8. 10. Geology in the EMR Region and Geological Field Investigations
    Marius Waldvogel (Geological Institute, RWTH Aachen University), Raphael Burchartz
    11/8/21, 3:30 PM

    In order to find optimal position for the Einstein-Telescope (ET) in the Euregio Meuse-Rhine (EMR), a detailed understanding of the geological and structural conditions, both on the ground and subsurface is crucial. The short term (during excavation) and long-term performance of the ET underground infrastructures are primarily depended on the geological and structural conditions of the ground....

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  9. 32. Hydro geophysical Characterization – Active & Passive Seismic
    Marius Waldvogel (Geological Institute, RWTH Aachen University), Yannick Forth (University of Liège)
    11/8/21, 4:00 PM

    Hydro geophysical Characterization – Active & Passive Seismic

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  10. 11. 3D Cross-border models – Geological modeling, uncertainty analysis for site investigation, and online GIS solutions
    Nils Chudalla (RWTH Aachen University - CGRE)
    11/8/21, 4:30 PM

    The requirements for the Einstein Telescope challenge geologists to come up with representations of the subsurface as accurate as possible. A state-of-the-art way are digital 3D models of the subsurface. Various measurements and interpretation of geological observations (e.g. geophysical methods, outcrop studies) serve as input for these models. However, one must also consider the inherent...

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  11. 44. Groundwater Flow Modeling for the EMR Region
    Mathieu Veeckmans (Uliege), Philippe Orban (University of Liege)
    11/8/21, 5:30 PM
  12. 34. Passive Seismic with Medium Aperture Arrays in Limburg
    Soumen Koley (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    11/8/21, 5:50 PM

    Passive Seismic with Medium Aperture Arrays in Limburg

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  13. 8. Wind Turbine Seismic Monitoring Campaign
    Shahar Shani-Kadmiel (R&D Seismology and Acoustics, KNMI, The Netherlands)
    11/8/21, 6:20 PM

    Wind turbines emit seismic signals due to the rotation of the blades and the movement of the tower. Seismic signals radiated from wind turbines are known to interfere with operational seismic monitoring of natural and induced seismicity. With regard to the Einstein Telescope and the design of the passive and active vibration isolation systems, the seismic radiation from wind turbines poses a...

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  14. 7. 8. Seismic and Remote Sensing Based Preliminary Results in the ET Region (Belgium)
    Yawar Hussain (University of Liege)
    11/8/21, 6:50 PM

    The variations in ambient noise levels, subsurface elastic properties and surface deformation can affect the performance of Einstein Telescope (ET) in various ways. Therefore, the present study aims at providing an overview of integrated geophysical and remote sensing approaches in the Belgian side of prospective ET installation region, an advanced and super sensitive Gravitational-wave...

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  15. 15. Feasibility study for ET Infrastructure for Sardinia site: location optimization, GIS-BIM three-dimensional modelling, multicriteria analysis
    Prof. Maria Marsella
    11/9/21, 9:00 AM

    The talk describes the feasibility study activities related to the selection of the optimal configuration and localization of the ET infrastructures in Sardinia. This analysis requires the simultaneous evaluation of several scientific, territorial, environmental and geological/geotechnical aspects. For this reason, a different specific tools, interconnected with each other, have been...

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  16. 14. Main geotechnical issues and planned investigations for the design of ET Infrastructure in Sardinia
    Mr Claudio Rossini
    11/9/21, 9:30 AM

    An overall feasibility study is carried out in Sardinia as one of potential site for the construction of the Einstein Telescope (ET). One of the primary activities of this feasibility study is the design and implementation of a geotechnical and geophysical campaign aimed to acquire all the information for the development of an accurate geo-mechanical model of the rock masses which will host...

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  17. 38. The Center for Astrophysics in Lusatia - a possible ET site?
    Prof. Guenther Hasinger
    11/9/21, 10:00 AM
  18. 16. Geotechnical Characterization Campaign for Design of ET Underground Infrastructures - Tunnelling Aspects and Challenges
    Pooya Hamdi (Senior Scientist, RWTH University Aachen)
    11/9/21, 10:30 AM

    The Einstein Telescope (ET) is an advanced gravitational-wave observatory, currently in the planning stage that allows to further understanding the Universe through the observation of gravitational waves. The border region between the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany (Euregio Meuse-Rhine) is being considered as a possible location to host the third generation gravitational wave observatory due...

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  19. 13. Design and construction of two boreholes for seismometers installation in support of ET seismic characterization in Sardinia
    Mr Claudio Rossini
    11/9/21, 11:30 AM

    One of the key activities in the context of seismic and environmental noise characterization has been the installation of two borehole seismometers in proximity of potential ET triangle corners. The design has been completed in July 2020, the boreholes excavation with relevant surface works between April and August 2021 and the sensors installation in September 2021.
    The measurement station...

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  20. 28. Ground Tilt
    Enrico Calloni (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    11/9/21, 12:00 PM

    The coupling of ground tilt with the longitudinal degree of freedom is
    addressed, both in low frequency, below 100 mHz, and the the new frequency
    region addressed by ET, namely above 2 Hz.
    It is shown, at the present stage of ET design, the need of a strong
    interaction with suspension design WPs, in order to recover the site
    conditions needed for the planned ET sensitivity.

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  21. 45. Borehole strainmeter measurements
    Prof. Andreas Rietbrock (GPI - Geophysical Institute )
    11/9/21, 12:30 PM
  22. 37. SCIENCE IMPACT FOR DIFFERENT MACRO-OPTIONS and GEOMETRY of ET
    Andreas Freise (Nikhef and VU Amsterdam)
    11/9/21, 12:50 PM
  23. 1. Updates on the ET repository
    Massimiliano Razzano (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    11/9/21, 4:00 PM

    During the talk I will like to give an overview on the data server that we are using to store and analyze the ET site data, as well as updates and future plans.

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  24. 52. Sardinia site studies and characterization - Hands on session
    Matteo Di Giovanni (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    11/9/21, 4:20 PM
  25. 26. A summary of seismic data analyses at the ET candidate site in Sardinia (Italy)
    Dr Gilberto Saccorotti (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)
    11/10/21, 9:00 AM

    Almost ten years after the first seismic measurements at the Sos Enattos mine, the characterization of the seismic noise wavefield at the ET candidate site in Sardinia has progressed considerably. In this talk, I present a summary of the main results from the active and passive seismic surveys conducted thus far. Particular emphasis is put on those parameters which are most relevant to the...

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  26. 39. Summary of NN relevant analyses of seismic data from EMR site
    Soumen Koley (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    11/10/21, 9:15 AM

    Summary of NN relevant analyses of seismic data from EMR site

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  27. 2. Seismic and Newtonian noise in underground GW detectors.
    Francesca Badaracco (GSSI)
    11/10/21, 9:30 AM

    Gravitational-wave detectors are very sensitive instruments that suffer from a huge number of noises. If we aim to observe gravitational waves with Earth-based detectors, we need to take care of every source that can prevent that observation.
    Seismic noise is a huge problem in the low frequency band and it is tackled with suspensions and active controls. The low frequency band can also be...

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  28. 40. Modeling NN for multilayer geology
    henk bulten (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam/Nikhef)
    11/10/21, 10:00 AM
  29. 41. Summary of NN modeling techniques
    Jan Harms (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    11/10/21, 10:30 AM
  30. 20. Broadband seisometer deployment in boreholes
    Dr Luca Naticchioni (INFN Roma)
    11/10/21, 11:30 AM

    In this talk I summarize the principal aspects to be considered for broadband seismometer deployment in boreholes, which are useful sensing devices for a Newtonian Noise subtraction system. I show what we learned from this kind of installations in Sardinia, e.g. costs and technical aspects to be considered. Finally, I point out some considerations about the development of seismometer chains...

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  31. 36. Bayesian ML algorithm for array optimization
    Francesca Badaracco (GSSI)
    11/10/21, 12:00 PM

    Newtonian noise (NN) will be the very last sensitivity wall in GW detectors below 10-30 Hz. A NN cancellation system is already foreseen in Virgo for O4. For cancelling this noise, we need arrays of seismic sensors deployed in an optimal way close to the test masses. However, when the seismic field deviates from homogeneity and isotropy, finding the optimal array becomes very challenging. An...

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  32. 42. Seismonet: a deep neural network for NN prediction
    Dr Vincent van Beveren
    11/10/21, 12:30 PM
  33. 43. Providing priors to Bayesian array optimization
    Tomislav Andrić (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    11/10/21, 1:00 PM
  34. 47. Excursion
    11/10/21, 2:00 PM
  35. 48. Visit to the Canteen Oliena
    11/10/21, 3:00 PM
  36. 50. Visit to Sos Enattos Mine
    11/10/21, 6:00 PM
  37. 24. A nested inverted pendulum for ET suspensions: preliminary studies
    Lucia Trozzo (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    11/10/21, 7:00 PM

    For ground-based GW detectors, seismic vibration is the dominating source
    of noise in low frequency region (0.1 to 10 Hz), limiting both sensitivity
    and duty cycle. Thanks to high performant suspension systems, like the
    Virgo Superattenuator, the presently operational 2nd generation advanced
    GW antennas have extended their detection band down to 10 Hz. The plan for
    future 3rd generation...

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  38. 4. Characterizing the hydro-structural setting of the Einstein Telescope site of Sardinia (Italy): insights from Electrical Resistivity Tomography
    Vittorio Longo (Università di Sassari)
    11/10/21, 7:00 PM

    Characterizing the geological subsurface setting of a stratified aquifer and the structures that guide the flow paths is crucial for the realization of underground infrastructures such as the Einstein Telescope (ET), that is the European third-generation underground interferometric detector of gravitational waves. The triangular setting of this infrastructure (10 km long sides) has vertices...

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  39. 17. The Archimedes' prototype at SAR-GRAV laboratory
    Luca Pesenti (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare), Davide Rozza (LNS)
    11/10/21, 7:00 PM

    As a prototype of the Archimedes experiment, a high sensitivity balance has been constructed. This balance can be used as a tiltmeter and nowadays it is installed at the SAR-GRAV laboratory in Sardinia. The laboratory is settled at the Sos-Enattos site (Lula, Nuoro), a former mine located in a region characterized by low seismic noise. The tiltmeter is a beam balance with an interferometric...

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  40. 22. Thermal modulation of YBCO samples through radiation heat transfer for the Archimedes experiment
    Valentina Mangano on behalf of the Archimedes Collaboration
    11/10/21, 7:00 PM

    The main scientific goal of Archimedes experiment, installed in the SarGrav laboratory in Sardinia (one of the quietest places in Europe and candidate site for the third generation GW detector Einstein Telescope), is to investigate whether and how vacuum fluctuations interact with gravity.
    A high sensitive balance will measure the small weight variations of two YBCO superconducting disks...

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  41. 21. Underground magnetic noise at the SoS Enattos site
    Luca D'Onofrio (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    11/10/21, 7:00 PM

    We present an extended report on the magnetic noise at the SoS Enattos site, using data collected underground (-111 m) from 2020/09/22 to 2021/11/01 for the N-S magnetic component. To track the time evolution of the noise, we use the Band-Limited Root Mean Square (BLRMS) analizing different frequency bands. We show the diurnal and seasonal variability of the first Schumann resonances. The...

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  42. 23. Weighing quantum vacuum with Archimedes experiment
    Annalisa Allocca (Universita' di Pisa - INFN Pisa)
    11/10/21, 7:00 PM

    The Archimedes experiment aims at measuring the interaction between vacuum fluctuations
    and gravity. Archimedes will measure the force exerted by the gravitational field on a Casimir
    cavity whose vacuum energy is modulated with a superconductive transition, by using a
    balance as a small force detector. If the vacuum energy does interact with gravity, a force
    directed upwards acts on...

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  43. 3. Wind noise at Sos Enattos
    Josiah Ensing
    11/10/21, 7:00 PM

    Analysis of data recorded at Sos Enattos from April 2016-February 2017 and June 2020-March 2021 shows connections between wind and seismic waveforms. Wind speeds are typically below 4m/s, so strong seismic responses to wind are rare but weaker seismic responses are still detectable. The power spectral density of seismic data reveals increased seismic energy for higher wind speeds over a broad...

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  44. 51. Social Dinner
    11/10/21, 8:00 PM
  45. 31. Geology in the EMR Region and Geological Field Investigations
    Raphael Burchartz

    Geology in the EMR Region and Geological Field Investigations

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  46. 33. Hydro geophysical characterization of the E-Test site in the Euregio Maas-Rhine
    Mathieu Veeckmans (Uliege), Philippe Orban (University of Liege)

    Hydro geophysical characterization of the E-Test site in the Euregio Maas-Rhine

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  47. 18. Hydrogeophysical characterization of the E-Test site in the Euregio Maas-Rhine
    Mr Yannick Forth (University of Liège)

    The characterization of the subsurface in terms of geological structure and hydrogeological behavior is of great importance to design the Einstein Telescope at depths greater than a few hundreds of meters. Hydrogeophysical approaches aim at contributing to the conceptual models used in hydrogeology to study the environmental impacts and to understand the hydrodynamic response of the geological...

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  48. 46. Welcome
    Prof. Domenico D'Urso (University of Sassari and INFN-LNS)