Giampaolo Mannocchi
(LNF),
Roberto Fusco Femiano
(IASF-Roma/INAF)
5/19/14, 8:45 AM
Stefano Ettori
(INAF OA Bologna)
5/19/14, 9:25 AM
The key tool to use galaxy clusters as astrophysical laboratories and cosmological probes is the knowledge of the distribution of the their gravitating and baryonic mass.
I'll discuss some of the limitations affecting the X-ray reconstruction of the gas and total mass profiles. I'll illustrate how the estimates of the gas mass fraction and of the mass concentration can be used as robust...
Gianfranco Brunetti
(IRA - INAF)
5/19/14, 9:50 AM
Radio observations prove the existence of relativistic particles and magnetic fields associated with the intra-cluster-medium (ICM) through the presence of extended synchrotron emission. These non-thermal components in galaxy clusters are unique probes of very energetic processes operating within clusters that drain gravitational and electromagnetic energy into cosmic rays and magnetic...
Fabrizio Nicastro
(INAF - OAR)
5/19/14, 10:15 AM
Baryons are missing at all astronomical scales in the Universe, from galaxies to the large scales of structure formation and the Universe as a whole. Hydro-dynamical simulations for the formation of structures, tend to re-concile the different "missing-baryon" problems and predict that most of the baryonic matter of the Universe is hiding in a hot and tenuous gaseous phase, surrounding...
Massimiliano Lattanzi
(FE)
5/19/14, 11:00 AM
The tiny temperature and polarization anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation encode a wealth of information about our Universe. The CMB anisotropies have been the target of many experiments in the past twenty years, starting with COBE’s observations of the large-scale temperature fluctuations in the early 90s.
In 2013, the Planck satellite provided the most accurate...
Carlo Gustavino
(INFN-Rome)
5/19/14, 11:25 AM
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) theory describes the formation of light isotopes in the first minutes of cosmic time. Their abundance only depends on the baryon density, on particle physics and on nuclear astrophysics, through the competition between the universal expansion rate and the yields of the relevant nuclear reactions. The baryon density [1,2] and the observed abundance of light...
Salvatore Capozziello
(Università di Napoli "Federico II")
5/19/14, 12:15 PM
Extended gravity models have recently attracted a lot of interest as alternative candidates to explain the observed cosmic acceleration, the flatness of the rotation curves of spiral galaxies, the gravitational potential of galaxy clusters, and other relevant astrophysical phenomena. Very likely, what we call “dark matter” and “dark energy” are nothing else but signals of the breakdown of...
Luigi Cacciapuoti
(European Space Agency)
5/19/14, 12:40 PM
Atomic clocks and high-performance links, classical accelerometers and atom interferometry sensors are today able to measure frequency, time, and distances, as well as to track the motion of massive bodies, quantum particles, and light to accuracy levels never reached before. These instruments achieve their ultimate performance in space, where the clean environment and the free-fall conditions...
Marica Branchesi
(Università di Urbino/INFN-Firenze)
5/19/14, 5:00 PM
A new exciting frontier of observational astronomy will soon start to be explored: the current upgrade of gravitational wave ground-based detectors, LIGO and Virgo, should make possible to observe gravitational wave signals for the first time. Expected sources of gravitational waves include the most energetic astrophysical events such as the merger of neutron stars and/or black holes and the...
Douglas Currie
(University of Maryland, College Park)
5/19/14, 5:25 PM
Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) to the Apollo retroreflectors on moon over the past four decades has provided some of the best experimental tests of Gravitation and General Relativity. The history and technology of the Lunar Laser Ranging Retroreflectors (LLRR) deployed during the Apollo 11, 14 and 15 missions and the ranging program will be briefly described. The results of the LLRR program have...
Jorge Páramos
(Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto)
5/19/14, 5:50 PM
We examine an extension of General Relativity with an explicit non-minimal coupling between matter and curvature. The purpose of this work is to present an overview of the implications of the latter to various contexts, ranging from astrophysical matter distributions to a cosmological setting. Various results are discussed, including the im- pact of this non-minimal coupling on the choice of...
Angiola Orlando
(University of California, San Diego)
5/19/14, 6:40 PM
Shuang-Nan Zhang
(Institute of High Energy Physics)
5/20/14, 9:00 AM
In this talk, I will summarize China's programs of astroparticle physics in space. The approved missions are the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT) satellite mission for launch in 2015, the dedicated gamma-ray burst polarization expariment POLAR on China's spacelab for launch in 2015, the multiwavelength gamma-ray burst satellite mission SVOM for launch before 2020. Two missions under...
Piero Ullio
(SISSA - INFN TS)
5/20/14, 9:25 AM
The identification of the nature of the dark matter component of the Universe remains one of the most fundamental open issues in science today. Recent results from direct and indirect dark matter searches will be reviewed, considering their impact on some of the competing theoretical frameworks. Future perspectives and the connections with searches at the LHC will also be discussed.
Massimo Pietroni
(INFN-Padova and University of Parma)
5/20/14, 9:50 AM
After the tremendous success of the CMB measurements, the next frontier of precision cosmology is the study of the Large Scale Structure of the Universe, by means of present and future large galaxy surveys. I will discuss the potential of these observations for the extraction of information relevant for fundamental physics, such as the properties of Dark Energy and of neutrinos. Compared to...
David G. Cerdeno
(Instituto de Fisica Teorica)
5/20/14, 10:15 AM
The SuperCDMS experiment attempts direct detection of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) through their elastic scattering on an array of cryogenic interleaved germanium detectors (iZIP).
These detectors are instrumented with ionization and phonon sensors that provide position sensitivity and the capability to discriminate nuclear recoils over other sources of background.
In this...
Rita Bernabei
(Physics dept. . Rome Tor Vergata University)
5/20/14, 11:00 AM
The final model independent results from the DAMA/LIBRA-phase1 experiment, recently released, will be discussed. Implications and comparisons will be addressed. Other results as well as DAMA/LIBRA-phase2 will be introduced.
Victor Gehman
(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)
5/20/14, 11:25 AM
The search for dark matter reaches back generations and remains one of the most compelling endeavors in the hunt for physics beyond the Standard Model. Experiments attempting to directly detect weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter have made remarkable progress in increasing their sensitivity to the elastic scattering of WIMPs on nuclei. The Large Underground Xenon (LUX)...
Marcello Messina
(Columbia University)
5/20/14, 11:50 AM
The XENON collaboration is presently running its second detector, XENON100, which led the field of direct dark matter search for many years. Recently the collaboration published many new results, such as exclusion limits on spin dependent and spin independent cross section interaction of WIMPs with ordinary matter. Very competitive results were also published on the search of Axion-like...
Andrea Albert
(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)
5/20/14, 12:15 PM
There is overwhelming evidence that non-baryonic dark matter constitutes ~27% of the energy density of the universe. Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) are promising dark matter candidates that may produce gamma rays via annihilation or decay detectable by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi LAT). A detection of WIMPs would also indicate the existence of physics beyond the...
55.
Euclid space mission: a challenge devoted to the study of Cosmological Dark Energy & Dark Matter
Roberto Scaramella Roberto
(Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma)
5/20/14, 12:40 PM
Euclid is the next ESA mission devoted to Cosmology. The mission is expected to be launched in year 2020 and to last six years. The on board instruments have wide field capabilities and are provided by the Euclid Consortium. The payload is hosting a visible and a near infrared camera which cover a joint field of view of half square degree.
The main scientific aim is the study of Dark...
German Arturo Gomez Vargas
(Universidad Catolica de Chile - INFN Roma Tor Vergata)
5/20/14, 5:00 PM
There is overwhelming evidence that non-baryonic dark matter constitutes ~27% of the energy density of the universe. Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) are promising dark matter candidates that may produce gamma rays via annihilation or decay detectable by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT). Cosmological N-body simulations predict the central part of a galaxy to enclose the...
Nicola Menci
(INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma)
5/20/14, 5:25 PM
I will review the present astronomical evidences for Dark Matter, enlightening their implications for the nature of the Dark Matter components. In particular I will review some critical aspects of the current Cold Dark Matter model concerning the formation and evolution of cosmic structures, and show the impact of assuming lighter Dark Matter particles (Warm Dark Matter) on the statistical...
Jennifer Siegal-Gaskins
(Caltech)
5/20/14, 5:50 PM
Recent indirect dark matter searches with gamma rays have yielded several tantalizing hints of dark matter signals from the Inner Galaxy, however a confident detection remains elusive. I will discuss these recent results and possible alternatives to the dark matter interpretation of the claimed signals, as well as new approaches and prospects for robustly identifying a dark matter signal from...
Christian Farnier
(Oskar Klein Centre - Stockholm University)
5/20/14, 6:15 PM
Dark matter searches with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Christian Farnier (Oskar Klein Centre - Stokckholm University) for the CTA Consortium
The current paradigm of the Universe states that more than 80% of its mass content consists of dark matter of unknown origin. Since its discovery more than eighty years ago, the quest for dark matter identification is one of the most important...
Antonio Masiero
(PD)
5/20/14, 7:00 PM
Sergio Bertolucci
(CERN)
5/21/14, 9:25 AM
Guido Altarelli
(Universita' di Roma Tre/CERN)
5/21/14, 9:50 AM
I will review the status of particle physics after the LHC runs at 7-8 TeV
Yann Mambrini
(LPT Orsay)
5/21/14, 10:15 AM
In this talk, I will review the main theoretical motivations to build an extension of the Standard Model by a new Gauge group. I will then study the phenomenological consequences of the presence of the new gauge boson Z' on dark matter phenomenology and the perspective of discovery at LHC, underground laboratory or indirect detection experiments.
Ralph Engel
(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT))
5/21/14, 10:40 AM
Measurements of particle production at LHC have given us a better understanding of high-energy multiparticle production. This has lead to a reduction of the uncertainties of model predictions. Still there are some surprising observations that are difficult to describe even with models tuned to give a good description of LHC data. After giving an introduction to the relation between air shower...
Carlo Broggini
(INFN-Sezione di Padova)
5/21/14, 11:50 AM
LUNA started underground nuclear astrophysics more than twenty years ago in Gran Sasso. The 1400 meter thick overburden of dolomite has allowed nuclear physics experiments with very small count rate, down to a few events per month.
Thanks to this, the key reactions of the proton-proton chain and of the CNO cycle have been studied down to very low energies. As a consequence, it is now...
J. Patrick Harding
(Los Alamos National Laboratory)
5/21/14, 12:15 PM
Several experiments including Milagro, IceCube, and HAWC have reported regions in the TeV sky with an excess of cosmic rays above the expected isotropic background. I will discuss the consistency of these cosmic-ray excesses with dark matter annihilations in a nearby subhalo. The dark matter explanation of the TeV cosmic-ray excess naturally explains both the spatial and spectral features of...
Stefano Ragazzi
(MIB)
5/21/14, 12:40 PM
Gus Sinnis
(Los Alamos National Laboratory)
5/22/14, 9:00 AM
When viewed at TeV energies the universe appears fundamentally different then when observed in the visible range. Thermal sources are non-existent and one sees only the most extreme objects: black holes from a few solar masses to billions of solar masses, neutron stars, and supernova remnants. These objects (and others) are capable of accelerating electrons and hadrons to energies well...
Marco Miceli
(INAF-Osservatorio Astronomici di Palermo G. S. Vaiana)
5/22/14, 9:25 AM
Carlotta Pittori
(INAF-OAR/ASDC)
5/22/14, 10:15 AM
The surprising discovery by the AGILE satellite of variable gamma-ray emission above 100 MeV from the Crab Nebula in Sept. 2010 started a new era of investigation of the Crab system, and won to the AGILE PI and the AGILE Team the Bruno Rossi Prize for 2012.
Astronomers have long believed the Crab to be an almost ideal standard candle, a nearly constant source at a level of few percent, from...
Eleonora Troja
(NASA/GSFC)
5/22/14, 11:25 AM
Sara Buson
(INFN & University of Padova)
5/22/14, 12:15 PM
Variability at all wavelengths, from radio to gamma-ray energies, and at timescales from minutes to years, is one of the key signatures of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs). These astrophysical sources release a large amount of their energy at gamma rays, in turn making the high-energy band (>100MeV) a fascinating and crucial domain to study. I will discuss some recent results in the field which...
Shuang-Nan Zhang
(Institute of High Energy Physics)
5/22/14, 12:40 PM
In this talk, I will present our recent work of correlation analysis between the sky maps of cosmic rays observed from Tibet and microwave observed from WMAP and Planck. We find that sky maps of cosmic rays observed from Tibet are strongly and positively correlated with the foreground unreduced microwave sky maps of WMAP and Planck, consistent with the Galactic origin of the Tibet cosmic rays....
Geraldina Golup
(IIHE- Vrije Universiteit Brussel)
5/22/14, 5:25 PM
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory instruments a cubic kilometer of the Antarctic ice at the South Pole with a three-dimensional grid of light sensors in combination with a square kilometer surface array. The observatory was completed at the end of 2010, but the partially instrumented detector has been taking data since 2006. Several breakthroughs in the field have been accomplished, in...
Lee F F Stokes
(University of Tübingen)
5/22/14, 6:15 PM
Reactor anti-neutrino experiments have stood out in recent years with the measurement of the last mixing angle Theta 13.
Double Chooz is one such experiment whose sensitivity will increase with the addition of the near detector, which is set to start data taking later this year.
I will present results from three separate analyses, neutron capture on either Gd or H and a...
Giuseppe Di Sciascio
(ROMA2)
5/23/14, 9:50 AM
The ARGO-YBJ detector, located at high altitude in the Cosmic Ray Observatory of Yangbajing in Tibet (4300 m asl, about 600 g/cm2 of atmospheric depth) provides the opportunity to study, with unprecedented resolution, the cosmic ray physics in the primary energy region between 10^12 and 10^16 eV.
The preliminary results of the measurement of all-particle and light-component (i.e. protons and...
Prof.
Zhen Cao
(Institute of High Energy Physics)
5/23/14, 10:15 AM
Paolo Desiati
(University of Wisconsin - Madison)
5/23/14, 10:30 AM
The study of cosmic ray anisotropy could provide clues about the origin and propagation of cosmic rays in our galactic neighborhood. Because the observed anisotropy is very small, below the permille level, large event volumes are needed in order to characterize it in sufficient detail. Over the last six years, the IceCube Observatory has collected 150 billion cosmic ray induced muon events....
Aurelio Grillo
(LNGS),
Roberto Aloisio
(GSSI)
5/23/14, 11:15 AM
We will review Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) observations discussing theoretical implications on the possible sources. The latest Auger and Telescope Array observations will be presented in the framework of a general theoretical approach to production and propagation of UHECR.
Andreas Haungs
(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT)
5/23/14, 11:40 AM
Investigations of the energy spectrum as well as the mass composition of cosmic rays in the energy range of PeV to EeV are important for understanding both, the origin of the galactic and the extragalactic cosmic rays. The multi-detector arrangement of KASCADE and its extension KASCADE-Grande was designed for observations of cosmic ray air showers in this energy range. Most important result...
Pierre Sokolsky
(University of Utah)
5/23/14, 12:05 PM
We report on recent results on the spectrum, composition and anisotropy of the highest energy cosmic rays as measured by the Telescope Array experiment. New results include indication of a clustering of cosmic rays from a location near the super-galactic plane and improved methods for comparing composition results between Telescope Array and the Pierre Auger observatory. Plans for expansion of...
Antonella Castellina
(INFN-TO)
5/23/14, 12:30 PM
The Pierre Auger Observatory aim is that of studying the ultra high energy cosmic rays, above 10^17 eV. The extremely high quality of the data has led to a number of major breakthroughs.
The ankle and the suppression of the flux are clearly established; we present the results on the charged primary composition and the best current limits on cosmogenic photons and neutrinos. We will discuss...
Raffaella Bonino
(Università di Torino and INFN)
5/23/14, 12:55 PM
Searches for large-scale anisotropies in the distribution of arrival directions of cosmic rays detected above about 10 PeV at the Pierre Auger Observatory are presented. Although no significant deviation from isotropy is revealed at present, some of the measurements suggest that future data will provide hints for large-scale anisotropies over a wide energy range. Those anisotropies would have...
Daniele Faragion
(Phys Depart and INFN rome SAPIENZA)
5/23/14, 5:00 PM
UHECR have been foreseen to trace nearby SuperGalactic Plane. Moreover
UHECR have been expected to suffer by cosmic photon interaction of a consequent opacity, leading to a EeV neutrino secondary trace (GZK neutrinos). On the other side GRBs have been expected to produce in Fireball TeV-PeV neutrino burst at the same time of GRBs. Both of these three signature are missing.
Aurelio Grillo
(LNGS-INFN)
5/23/14, 5:25 PM
The detection of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) allows the study of fundamental physics such as possible modifications of Lorentz Invariance at extreme boosts. I review the constraints of LIVs in the Cosmic Ray sector in the light of the high quality experimental data on UHECRs presently available.
Martino Marisaldi
(INAF-IASF Bologna)
5/23/14, 6:30 PM
Thunderstorms have been recently established as the most energetic natural particle accelerators on Earth. Starting from the early work by Wilson in 1925 suggesting the acceleration of electrons up to relativistic energies in thunderstorm electric fields, it took about 75 years to build up a sufficiently large observational frame and reach a general consensus on the existence of this...
Valter Bonvicini
(INFN - Trieste)
5/23/14, 6:55 PM
GAMMA-400 is a new space mission scheduled to be launched at the end of the current decade on-board the Russian space platform Navigator. The experimental apparatus is designed for simultaneous detection of gamma and cosmic rays in a broad energy range: 100 MeV – 3 TeV for photons, 1 GeV – 20 TeV for electrons and positrons, and up to 10^15 – 10^16 eV for p and He.
The characteristics of the...
Raphael Krause
(for the Auger Collaboration)
5/23/14, 7:35 PM
Extensive air showers originating from ultra-high energy cosmic rays exhibit emission of electromagnetic signals in the radio frequency range. In comparison with other detection techniques, radio measurements deliver complementary information on the electromagnetic shower component with a duty cycle close to 100%. The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is located within the Pierre Auger...
Zhen Cao
(Institute of High Energy Physics)
5/24/14, 9:00 AM
Stavros Katsanevas
(university Paris 7/IN2P3/CNRS)
5/24/14, 9:50 AM
I will report on the roadmap on Astroparticle Physics in the process of elaboration by the Scientific Advisory Commitee of tha Astroparticle Physics European Consortium. The ambition of this roadmap is to be a realistic roadmap matching the current and previsional financial situation in Europe.
Giorgio Matt
(Universita' Roma Tre)
5/24/14, 10:15 AM
ESA recently selected "The hot and energetic universe" as the scientific theme to be addressed by the L2 mission (launch foreseen in 2028) in the Cosmic Vision plan. In this talk the scientific theme will be presented along with the related mission concept, i.e. the large X-ray observatory Athena.
Pietro Ubertini
(IAPS-INAF)
5/24/14, 11:00 AM
The COSPAR President on April 20, 2010 appointed the “Future of Space Astronomy” Working Group under the aegis of Commission E, with the aim to analyze the difficult situation of space astronomy over the next two decades and recommend ways to improve the prospects.
Having assessed the scientific needs and the current plans of the main space agencies worldwide, the WG initially identified some...
Zhen Cao
(Institute of High Energy Physics)
5/24/14, 11:25 AM
As one of encouraging approaches to search for cosmic ray origins, the VHE gamma ray astronomy has achieved such a success that more than 140 VHE gamma ray sources has been discovered, mainly by using the pointing Cherenkov telescopes such as HESS, MAGIC and VERITAS. Some sources have been deeply investigated for their morphology. The origin of the cosmic rays is still unknown. It might become...
Andrea Santangelo
(IAAT Kepler Center, University of Tuebingen)
5/24/14, 11:50 AM
The exploration of the Extreme Universe, at energies around 10^20 eV, from space has now an history of studies and experimental and technological developments which traces back to about 20 years ago. In this contribution I will briefly summarize the science rationale behind the search from space of EECRs and I will then discuss the most recent developments of the studies on the EUSO...
Eugenio Coccia
(INFN-GSSI and U. of Rome Tor Vergata)
5/24/14, 12:15 PM
Direct detection of gravitational waves from astrophysical sources is one of the great challenges of contemporary experimental physics. Gravitational waves were predicted almost 100 years ago by Einstein and their detection motivates today about one thousand scientists, constructing new apparatuses and developing advanced technologies and data analysis algorithms. Observation and study of...
Prof.
Michelle Lavagna
(Politecnico di Milano)
This paper arises from the pre-assessment study of FOCAL mission proposed by Italian researchers to place a probe beyond 550 AU, where the gravity lens of the Sun phenomenon can be exploited for radio-astronomy purposes. The aim of the study is to explore the feasibility of this mission in a reasonable time, which is set to be around 50 years.
The envisaged solution combines a chemical...
Pasquale Blasi Blasi
(INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri)
I will review some recent developments in the investigation of acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays and their implications for the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays
