The new Advanced Photon Source Upgrade (APS-U) storage ring is now operating and x-ray beamlines are coming back online. Targeted suppression of 60-Hz-harmonic-related rf amplitude and phase noise from megawatt-class klystrons has played a role in achieving orbit stability at the micron level and reducing beam energy fluctuations. Measurements of beam stability are made from an analysis of...
Accurate knowledge of the voltage and phase in an RF cavity gap is essential to preserve beam quality and to achieve efficient, precise real-time correction with LLRF feedback. Voltage calibration using longitudinal phase-space tomography is a well-established beam-based technique that has demonstrated remarkable precision in determining the RF voltage experienced by a particle bunch. In a...
The PIP-II Accelerator is an 800 MeV superconducting Linac in the injection chain of the Fermilab accelerator complex. The LLRF systems are a based on two different hardware platforms controlling a variety of cavity types and resonance control systems including temperature, pneumatic and piezzo tuners. The various calibrations required prior to beam operation include, signal power, gradient,...
For advanced high-Q SRF linacs like LCLS-II, precise cavity resonance control is crucial for ensuring stable operations. Inadequate control can lead to a significant increase in RF power demands, escalating both operational and capital expenses due to the need for additional RF power sources. To address this challenge, we have developed an innovative data-driven model predictive controller...
Recently the accelerator operation for user beam service are planned in 2024. The SCL3 RF operating frequency are 81.25 MHz and 162.5 MHz. All cavities are controlled independently for the acceleration of the various A/q ions. Because all RAON SCL3 cavities are the superconducting cavities and the planned beam current is not so high, the control bandwidth which is defined by the loaded Q of...
Precisely calibrating RF superconducting radio-frequency linear accelerators is crucial for accurately assessing cavity bandwidth and detuning, which provides valuable insights into cavity performance, facilitates optimal accelerator operation, and enables effective fault detection and diagnosis. In practice, however, calibration of RF signals can present several challenges, with calibration...
The Low-Level Radio Frequency (LLRF) system is a vital subsystem in particle accelerator facilities, tasked with generating and maintaining a stable electric field within accelerator cavities by precisely controlling both amplitude and phase. As facilities transition from legacy analogue LLRF systems to modern digital counterparts, the enhanced computational power of current Field-Programmable...
Since the commissioning of the EuXFEL free electron laser, one of the 784 superconducting cavities of the linac has a short circuit at the probe connector. For this reason, its signal cannot be used for field regulation. Instead, the signal coming from a high order mode (HOM) coupler antenna is included in the vector sum regulation. This cavity shows a direct impact on the beam arrival time...
High performance synchrotron light sources like Soleil2 or Lunex5 require LLRF systems with high IQ accuracy: typically 0.01° RMS in phase and 1e-4 relative error in amplitude. This accuracy may be ultimately limited by the phase noise of the reference signal. In most LLRF systems, frequency downconversion to an IF signal of10 MHz is used before the digital IQ-demodulation. It can be shown...
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), a decade-long project at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) funded by the Department of Energy (DOE), aims to design and build a facility for colliding polarized high-energy electron beams with polarized proton and heavy ion beams. The EIC will operate at center-of-mass energies between 20 GeV and 140 GeV and achieve luminosities up to 1034 cm-2s-1. This...
For advanced high-Q SRF linacs like LCLS-II, achieving precise control of cavity resonance is crucial to ensuring stable operations. Inadequate control can lead to a substantial increase in RF power demands, thereby escalating both operational and capital expenses due to the need for additional RF power sources. To tackle this challenge, we have developed an innovative cavity resonance...
The Low-Level Radio Frequency (LLRF) system is a critical component in the control infrastructure of any synchrotron, responsible for generating and maintaining a stable electric field within the accelerator cavities by precisely controlling both amplitude and phase.
Safran Electronic & Defense Spain S.L.U. is currently engaged in the development of a new digital LLRF system to upgrade...
