Speaker
Description
Constraining the physics of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the early Universe remains challenging, but blazars, with their jets pointed toward Earth, offer valuable insights. We present the analysis of the blazar MG3 J163554+3629 at redshift 3.65, corresponding to when the Universe was ~1.7 billion years old. Using multiwavelength data, particularly including high-energy observations from the Fermi mission, along with a rare detection of the accretion disk, we precisely model the spectral energy distribution across the electromagnetic spectrum. This enables us to constrain the SMBH mass at 1.1 billion solar masses, determine the size and location of the emission region, and a notably low accretion efficiency. This efficiency is further corroborated by analyses of the energetics of the jet. The low accretion efficiency suggests a significant portion of accretion energy powers the relativistic jet. This scenario helps explain the rapid growth of the SMBH, resolving the challenge of how such a massive black hole could form from early seed black holes (~10^6 solar masses) in a short time. Our findings underscore the role of jets in regulating SMBH growth in the early Universe, offering a plausible solution to the SMBH growth problem at high redshift.