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Bottom-Up Cross-Cutting Workshop “JENAS Initiative: Gravitational Wave Probes of Fundamental Physics”

12–16 Feb 2024
Sapienza University of Rome
Europe/Rome timezone

Dr. Alessandra Curto

Contribution List

67 out of 67 displayed
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  1. 1. Welcome & Scope of the Workshop
    Paolo Pani (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare), Tetyana Galatyuk (TU Darmstadt / GSI)
    12/02/2024, 13:30
  2. 3. The QCD equation of state from Heavy ion collisions and neutron star mergers:
    Jan Steinheimer-Froschauer (Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies)
    12/02/2024, 13:45

    In this talk I will give a short overview on the current status and challenges in the exploration of dense QCD matter. While in relativistic heavy ion collisions, experiment and theory have been struggling for three decades to get a quantitative understanding of the QCD phase diagram. Only recently, new experimental programs allowed for significant progress. At the same time, the observation...

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  3. 2. Pions, hyperons and quark matter in neutron star mergers
    Andreas Bauswein (GSI Darmstadt)
    12/02/2024, 14:30

    We discuss recent calculations investigating the detailed
    impact of various "non-nucleonic" degrees of freedom in neutron star
    mergers. Pions are neglected in equation of state tables for merger
    simualtions but might actually occur in neutron star matter. We quantify
    their potential impact on the obseravbles of neutron star mergers. We
    describe a weak but potentially measurable signature...

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  4. 50. Overview by Conveneers
    Massimo Mannarelli (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare), Violetta Sagun (University of Coimbra)
    12/02/2024, 15:45
  5. 51. Properties of quark matter in extreme conditions
    Massimo Mannarelli (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    12/02/2024, 16:15
  6. 52. Constraints on Phase Transition in Neutron Stars in a Generalized Setup
    Jan-Erik Christian
    12/02/2024, 16:40
  7. 53. Turbulent magnetic field amplification in binary neutron star mergers
    Ricard Aguilera Miret (Hamburg Universität)
    12/02/2024, 17:05
  8. 73. A degeneracy between the effect of dark matter and strongly interacting matter at high densities
    Violetta Sagun (University of Coimbra)
    12/02/2024, 17:30
  9. 78. Studying strong-interaction matter under extreme conditions with high-energy heavy-ion experiments
    Joachim Stroth (Goethe University Frankfurt)
    12/02/2024, 17:55
  10. 5. The Status of Analytical Theory: Methods and Bench Marks
    Ira Rothstein
    13/02/2024, 08:45
  11. 4. Strong gravity as a probe of physics beyond GR and the Standard Model
    Katy Clough
    13/02/2024, 09:30

    I will discuss how GW probes could identify modifications to GR and the presence of new particles beyond the Standard Model. I will focus on how numerical simulations in strong gravity regimes can help us to understand and identify such signatures.

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  12. 79. Overview by Conveners
    Jan Steinheimer-Froschauer (Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies), Joachim Stroth (Goethe University Frankfurt)
    13/02/2024, 10:45
  13. 66. Nonequilibrium evolution of quarkonium inside the Quark Gluon Plasma
    Antonio Vairo
    13/02/2024, 11:15
  14. 67. Nuclear physics inputs for neutron stars and nucleosynthesis simulations
    Guilherme Grams
    13/02/2024, 11:40
  15. 72. NMMA: A nuclear-physics and multi-messenger astrophysics framework to analyze binary neutron star mergers
    Nina Kunert (Institute for Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany)
    13/02/2024, 12:05
  16. 77. Decoding the phase structure of QCD via particle production at high energy
    Anton Andronic (University of Munster)
    13/02/2024, 12:30
  17. 6. Ultralight bosons and gravitational waves: theory and observations
    Cristiano Palomba (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare), Richard Brito
    13/02/2024, 14:30
  18. 7. Quantum spacetime in the sky: from the horizon to the vacuum
    Niayesh Afshordi
    13/02/2024, 15:15

    I will discuss two aspects of the quantum fluctuations of vacuum spacetime that can be probed in gravitational wave (GW) observatories. The first is the quantum fluctuations near the horizon that lead to (stimulated) Hawking emission (a.k.a. echoes) AND multipolar deformation of Kerr geometry. The second is an irreducible noise in the GW detectors due to the quantum fluctuations of spacetime...

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  19. 68. Overview by Conveneers
    David Keitel (UIB), Elisa Maggio (Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics, Albert Einstein Institute, Potsdam)
    13/02/2024, 16:30
  20. 69. The ringdown of spinning horizonless compact objects
    Elisa Maggio (Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics, Albert Einstein Institute, Potsdam)
    13/02/2024, 17:00
  21. 71. Black holes as point particles: from amplitudes to self-force
    Riccardo Gonzo (University of Edinburgh)
    13/02/2024, 17:25
  22. 80. Rotating metrics from scattering amplitudes in arbitrary dimensions
    Claudio Gambino (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    13/02/2024, 17:50
  23. 75. Quantum Gravity Effects on Dark Matter and Gravitational Waves
    Rishav Roshan (University of Southampton)
    13/02/2024, 18:15
  24. 8. Searching for Nanohertz Gravitational Waves with Pulsar Timing Arrays
    Sarah Vigeland
    14/02/2024, 09:00

    Pulsar timing arrays are sensitive to low-frequency gravitational waves with periods of months to decades. They do so by precisely timing a collection of millisecond pulsars, whose extremely stable rotation makes them ideal for measuring perturbations in spacetime. Gravitational waves induce correlations in the pulse arrival times that follows a characteristic pattern known as the...

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  25. 9. The Hubble tension: Status and Perspectives
    Nils Schöneberg
    14/02/2024, 09:45

    The success of the LCDM standard model of cosmology has now been established across a wide range of scales. Yet, despite this incredible success the precise nature of its ingredients has so far remained elusive.
    To this end, in the past decades a vast experimental effort has been undertaken to measure observables in the local and distant universe to unprecedented precision. These promising...

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  26. 11. Constraints on cosmological sources of gravitational waves with pulsar timing arrays
    Gabriele Franciolini (CERN)
    14/02/2024, 11:00
  27. 14. Gravitational wave analysis with machine learning
    Maximilian Dax
    14/02/2024, 11:45
  28. 55. Overview by Conveneers
    Carlo Tasillo (DESY Hamburg), Simone Mastrogiovanni (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    14/02/2024, 14:00
  29. 56. Timing the cosmic expansion with populations of gravitational waves dark sirens
    Simone Mastrogiovanni (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    14/02/2024, 14:30
  30. 57. A Global Network of Cavities to Search for Gravitational Waves (GravNet): A novel scheme to hunt gravitational waves signatures from the early universe
    Kristof Schmieden (CERN)
    14/02/2024, 14:55
  31. 59. Exploring new physics with pulsar timing arrays
    Carlo Tasillo (DESY Hamburg)
    14/02/2024, 15:20
  32. 60. New probe for non-Gaussianities with primordial black hole induced gravitational waves
    Theodoros Papanikolaou
    14/02/2024, 15:45

    We propose a new probe of primordial non-Gaussianities through
    the observational window of gravitational waves (GW) being induced by
    ultra-light ($M_{\text{PBH}}< 10^{9}\rm{g}$) primordial black holes
    (PBHs). An existence of primordial non-Gaussianity can leave imprints on
    the clustering properties of PBHs and the spectral shape of the induced
    GW signal. Focusing on local-type...

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  33. 18. Board Meeting
    14/02/2024, 18:30
  34. 61. The challenge of Low Frequency sensitivity enhancement with Einstein Telescope, a general overview
    Ettore Majorana (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)
    15/02/2024, 09:00
  35. 62. LISA, the first space-based gravitational wave observatory
    Alberto Sesana (Universita` di Milano Bicocca)
    15/02/2024, 09:25
  36. 63. Closing gaps in the GW spectrum: new physics with muHz GWs and ideas to detect them
    Diego Blas Temiño
    15/02/2024, 09:50
  37. 64. Opportunities for gravitational wave searches at high frequencies
    Krisztian Peters
    15/02/2024, 10:15
  38. 65. Round Table
    15/02/2024, 10:40
  39. 12. GW tests of gravity: past, present and future
    Michalis Agathos
    15/02/2024, 11:30
  40. 13. Distinguishing between environmental effects around binary black holes
    Philippa Cole (University of Amsterdam)
    15/02/2024, 12:15
  41. 70. Dynamical friction on compact binary systems
    Vincent Desjacques
    15/02/2024, 14:30
  42. 76. Primordial Black Holes: formation and cosmological impact in the current Universe
    Dr Ilia Musco (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Rome)
    16/02/2024, 09:00
  43. 15. A Bayesian investigation of the neutron star equation-of-state vs. gravity degeneracy
    Bhaskar Biswas (Universität Hamburg)
    16/02/2024, 09:45
  44. 74. Some aspects of the three-body problem in General Relativity
    Adrien Benoit Kuntz (SISSA, Trieste)
    16/02/2024, 10:10
  45. 17. Closing and Next Actions
    Paolo Pani (Sapienza University of Rome & INFN Roma1), Tetyana Galatyuk (TU Darmstadt / GSI)
    16/02/2024, 10:35
  46. 26. A Bayesian investigation of the neutron star equation-of-state vs. gravity degeneracy
    Bhaskar Biswas (Universität Hamburg)

    Despite its elegance, the theory of General Relativity is subject to experimental, observational, and theoretical scrutiny to arrive at tighter constraints or an alternative, more preferred theory.
    In alternative gravity theories, the macroscopic properties of neutron stars, such as mass, radius, tidal deformability, etc. are modified. This creates a degeneracy between the uncertainties in...

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  47. 42. A degeneracy between the effect of dark matter and strongly interacting matter at high densities
    Violetta Sagun (University of Coimbra)

    We study the impact of asymmetric fermionic and bosonic dark matter on neutron star properties, including tidal deformability, maximum masses, radii, thermal evolution, etc. The conditions at which dark matter particles tend to condense in the core of the star or create an extended halo are presented. We show that dark matter condensed in a core leads to a decrease of the total gravitational...

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  48. 45. A Global Network of Cavities to Search for Gravitational Waves (GravNet): A novel scheme to hunt gravitational waves signatures from the early universe
    Kristof Schmieden (CERN)

    The idea of searching for gravitational waves using cavities in strong magnetic fields has recently received significant attention. In particular, cavities with rather small volumes that are currently used to search for axion-like particles are discussed in this context. We propose here a novel experimental scheme enabling the search for gravitational waves with GHz frequencies, which could be...

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  49. 32. Constraints on Phase Transition in Neutron Stars in a Generalized Setup
    Jan-Erik Christian

    We examine the constraints on a first order phase transition from hadronic matter to deconfined quark matter, based on current astrophysical constraints. In particular we hypothesize the effect a well constrained mass radius data point of a compact star would have on the allowed parameter space. To this end we employ the most likely candidates of the recently updated NICER limits of PSR...

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  50. 16. Discussion Session with Chairs and WG Conveners
  51. 39. Dynamical friction on compact binary systems
    Vincent Desjacques

    I will present an approach to calculate the drag force produced by a background of gas or dark matter during a compact binary inspiral. Eccentricity and gravitational wave emission will also be discussed.

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  52. 27. Exploring new physics with pulsar timing arrays
    Carlo Tasillo

    Earlier this year several pulsar timing arrays unveiled the first detection of the stochastic gravitational wave background at nano-Hertz frequencies. The background could potentially arise from myriad merging black holes or – arguably more exciting – an event in the early cosmos. In this talk, I will discuss two recent works on the origin of the new signal: First, I will show under which...

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  53. 47. Gravitational waves from primordial black hole isocurvature: The effect of primordial non-Gaussianity
    Theodoros Papanikolaou

    The energy density perturbations of a population of primordial black holes (PBH) forming out of the collapse of enhanced cosmological perturbations are isocurvature in nature. Interestingly enough, they can induce through second order gravitational interactions a stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background, potentially detectable by current and future gravitational-wave detectors. This GW...

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  54. 20. Have pulsar timing array methods detected a cosmological phase transition?
    Antonino Marciano (Fudan University)

    We show [1] that the recent detection of a gravitational wave (GW) background reported by various pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations including NANOGrav-15yr, PPTA, EPTA, and CPTA can be explained in terms of first order phase transitions (FOPTs) from dark sector models (DSM). Specifically, we explore a model for first order phase transitions that involves the majoron, a Nambu-Goldstone...

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  55. 58. Have pulsar timing array methods detected a cosmological phase transition?
    Antonino Marciano (Fudan University)
  56. 40. NMMA: A nuclear-physics and multi-messenger astrophysics framework to analyze binary neutron star mergers
    Ms Nina Kunert (University Potsdam)

    The multi-messenger detection of the gravitational-wave signal GW170817, the corresponding kilonova AT2017gfo and the short gamma-ray burst GRB170817A, as well as the observed afterglow has delivered a scientific breakthrough. For an accurate interpretation of the emitted gravitational-wave and electromagnetic emission, one requires robust theoretical models and efficient computational tools...

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  57. 21. Nonequilibrium evolution of quarkonium inside the Quark Gluon Plasma
    Antonio Vairo

    Using nonrelativistic QCD effective field theories and open quantum system we obtain a master equation to describe the nonequilibrium evolution of bottomonium in the QCD medium. The obtained Linblad equation fully accounts for the quantum and nonabelian nature of the system. The characteristic of the Quark Gluon Plasma are encoded in transport coefficients defined in terms of nonperturbative...

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  58. 34. Nuclear physics inputs for neutron stars and nucleosynthesis simulations
    Guilherme Grams (Institut d’Astronomie et d’Astrophysique (IAA), Université Libre de Bruxelles.)

    Describing matter at the extreme conditions present in neutron stars (NS) within a unified framework is challenging in view of the wide range of densities encountered. On the other hand, nucleosynthesis simulations of rapid neutron-capture processes (or r-process) require detailed knowledge of nuclear reactions and radioactive decay (hence of the nuclear structure properties, in particular,...

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  59. 10. Plenary Talk 9
  60. 49. Properties of quark matter in extreme conditions
    Massimo Mannarelli (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)

    We briefly review the properties of quark matter at large chemical potentials. In particular, we discuss the properties of the color superconducting phases that can be realized in the interior of compact stars and their impact on astrophysical observables.
    Moreover, we show how a sufficiently large isospin asymmetry may drive the system in a meson condensed phases.

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  61. 22. Some aspects of the three-body problem in General Relativity
    Adrien Benoit Kuntz (SISSA, Trieste)

    Relativistic three-body systems could be observed in the future interferometer LISA. In this talk, I will illustrate some striking properties of three-body systems in General Relativity which do not have an equivalent in the simpler two-body problem. While the Kozai-Lidov oscillations typical of the Newtonian three-body problem are suppressed in the relativistic regime, there exists some...

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  62. 81. TBA
  63. 38. The ringdown of spinning horizonless compact objects
    Elisa Maggio (Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics, Albert Einstein Institute, Potsdam)

    When formed in a compact binary coalescence, black holes vibrate in a process called ringdown, which leaves the gravitational-wave footprint of the horizon. Some models of quantum gravity that attempt to solve the singularities of general relativity replace black holes with regular and horizonless objects with effective reflectivity. Motivated by these scenarios, we develop a generic framework...

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  64. 46. Tidal heating as a direct probe of Strange matter inside Neutron stars
    SUPROVO GHOSH (IUCAA)

    The cores of neutron stars (NS) reach densities several times the nuclear saturation density and could contain strangeness containing exotic particles such as hyperons. During the binary inspiral, viscous processes inside the NS matter can damp out the tidal energy induced by the companion and convert this to thermal energy to heat up the star. In this work, we demonstrate that the bulk...

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  65. 54. Tidal heating as a direct probe of Strange matter inside Neutron stars
    SUPROVO GHOSH (IUCAA)
  66. 24. Timing the cosmic expansion with populations of gravitational waves dark sirens
    Simone Mastrogiovanni (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)

    For over 20 years, measurements of the Universe expansion rate from close-by and far sources are in tension hinting at the presence of new physics. Gravitational Waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences (CBCs) are emergent cosmological probes, potentially observable from close to far scales. GWs are Standard Sirens as they are the only source for which it is possible to measure the...

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  67. 43. Title: Black holes as point particles: from amplitudes to self-force
    Riccardo Gonzo (University of Edinburgh)

    Abstract: For the inspiral phase of the two-body dynamics, compact objects essentially behave like point particles interacting through the gravitational force. This allows to harness the power of particle physics, like effective field theory techniques and modern scattering amplitude methods, to study analytically the evolution of the binaries in the weak field expansion but with extremely...

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