Conveners
Techniques for low-level α-particle, β-particle and γ-ray measurements
- Dirk Arnold (PTB)
The Comprehensive nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) is an international effort started in 1996 to stop all nuclear tests. To ensure that the treaty is respected, an International Monitoring System (IMS) has been globally deployed to measure seismic, hydro-acoustic, infrasound and radionuclide signals (particulate and gaseous) from potential nuclear events. The typical signature for such events is...
High-accuracy measurements of nuclear and related materials are a useful tool in nuclear forensics, in particular, the characterization of investigated radioactive samples, where very low quantities are available. As an example, the detection of certain isotopes may be used as a distinctive signature of the nuclear cycle, irradiation time, fluxes etc. for the attribution of the sample to a...
The radioactive isotope of 215Po is a part of the decay chain historically known as the actinium series, which starts with the naturally occurring 235U and ends in the stable isotope of 207Pb. When neglecting 215At, which is only present in insignificant amounts, 215Po is the progeny with the shortest half-life (of about 1.8 ms) in the decay chain.
Due to the limited time scale, a simple...
In rare events physics experiments the background produced by decay of radioactive nuclides in experiment materials could overlap the signals of interest. A big effort is necessary to keep the radioactive contamination under control by selecting the materials used in the construction of the experiment. In this contest it is crucial to develop sophisticated analysis and measurement techniques...
The analysis of radionuclides is complex, with high economic and time costs. This is very evident in decommissioning activities and environmental monitoring, for which the obtention of appropriate information requires doing as many analyses as possible. In such situations, the assessment of the sample content through global or screening parameters may be of help to avoid the use of selection...
For beta/gamma coincidence measurements at IMS radionuclide stations, the gross number of counts in a Region of Interest (ROI) is a sum of the net number of counts from a radionuclide, the detector background, interference contributions from other radionuclides, and the activity from previous samples remaining in the detector cell (memory effect). The net numbers of counts and associated...
Many nuclear facilities around the world must be decommissioned in the near future. This process requires the correct management of the samples in order to know which samples need to be stored in a deep geological repository, which ones need to be temporary stored and which ones can be treated as common materials. In order to do that, is necessary the characterization of the radionuclides...
The detection of 210Pb levels in aquatic environments evokes interest in various scientific studies. Its precise determination is important not only for the radiological assessment of drinking waters but also, 210Pb and 210Po distribution in the marine environment are significant for the assessment of the removal rates of particles from the ocean and particle fluxes during transport along the...
This paper investigates the scintillating and wavelength shifting properties of a newly synthesized ionic liquid 3-methylpyridinium salicylate (3-MPS), presenting the first results of its possible application in various Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC) measurements. There have been few reports so far about ionic liquids’ advantages for the detection and quantification of ionizing radiation....
