Conveners
Detectors Techniques for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics - Poster session
- Luciano Gottardi (SRON - Netherlands Institute for Space Research)
- Regina Caputo (UMD/NASA/GSFC)
Hyper-Kamiokande (Hyper-K) is to be the next generation of large-scale water Cherenkov detectors. With a volume an order of magnitude bigger than its predecessor Super-Kamiokande (Super-K) and improved photosensors’ system and beamline, Hyper-K aims to obtain exciting results in many fields such as the study of CP violation in the leptonic sector, the search for proton decay and the study of...
The Einstein Telescope (ET) gravitational wave interferometer will be the biggest research infrastructure built in Europe in the next decade and its design and construction will bring unprecedented technological challenges.
Third-generation gravitational wave detectors, such as ET, aim at reducing their noise to the lowest possible level for an Earth bound detector, broadening their...
Future spaceborne spectrometers for astroparticle detection need high bending power therefore, the use of superconducting magnets is the only applicable solution. The main requirements for superconducting magnets for space applications are: (i) low mass budget, i.e. high stored energy to mass ratio; (ii) low power consumption, i.e. efficient cryogenics; (iii) very high stability. Besides, the...
The Plastic Scintillation Detector (PSD) is one of the subdetectors of the HERD apparatus,
planned to fly onboard the Chinese Space Station (CSS) in the second half of the 2020s to
study high energy Cosmic Rays (CR).
The main requirements of the PSD are to provide online trigger for CR and online veto for
gamma rays and to determine the charge of CR ions measuring the energy loss on five...
Launched on December 9, 2021, the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) is the first imaging polarimeter ever flown providing sensitivity in the 2--8 keV energy range, and during the 2-year prime phase of the mission will sample tens of X-ray sources among different source classes. While most of the measurements will be statistics-limited, for some of the brightest objects observed an for...
A next-generation magnetic spectrometer in space will open the opportunity to investigate frontiers in direct high-energy cosmic ray measurements and to accurately measure the amount of the rare antimatter component in cosmic rays beyond the scope of current missions. We propose the concept of an Antimatter Large Acceptance Detector In Orbit (ALADInO), designed to take up the legacy of direct...
Large volumes of liquid Argon or Xenon constitute an excellent medium for the detection of Neutrino interactions and for Dark Matter searches. As an alternative or a complement to a Time Projection Chamber type of readout, we explore the use of imaging of the scintillation light to provide information on the event topology and deposited energy.
Designing such an imaging detector presents...
One important optimization for a successful detection of neutrinoless double-beta decay is the
energy resolution at its Q-value. nEXO is a tonne-scale experiment aiming to search for such a
decay in the isotope Xe-136 using a five tonne single-phase TPC filled with liquid xenon (LXe)
and equipped with scintillation readout capability. A major factor affecting the energy resolution
in LXe...
Baikal-GVD (Gigaton Volume Detector) is a neutrino telescope deployed in Lake Baikal in the south-eastern part of Russia with its primary purpose to observe high and ultra-high energy (TeV–PeV) neutrino, as well as to identify and explore their sources. As of 2021, the detector consists of eight clusters of 288 optical modules each, immersed in the water at the depths spanning from 750 m to...
The ICARUS T600 LAr TPC is located at shallow depth on the Booster Neutrino Beam at Fermilab. To reduce the cosmic rays background, in addition to a full coverage cosmic ray tagger, a system based on 360 large area Hamamatsu R5912-MOD PMTs is used, to detect scintillation light at 128 nm from ionizing particles. An important asset for this system is the calibration in gain and time of each...
The HOLMES experiment aims to directly measure the $\nu$ mass studying the $^{163}$Ho electron capture decay spectrum, developing arrays of TES-based micro-calorimeters implanted with O(10$^{2}$ Bq/detector) Ho atoms.
The embedding of the source inside detectors is a crucial step of the experiment. Because $^{163}$Ho is produced by neutron irradiation of a $^{162}$Er sample, the source must...
The Penetrating particle ANalyzer is an instrument designed to operate in space to precisely measure and monitor the flux, composition, and direction of highly penetrating particles of energy ranging from 100MeV/n to 20 GeV/n filling the current observational gap in this energy interval.
The detector design is based on a modular magnetic spectrometer of small size and reduced power...
Successfully launched in December 2021, after only four years from the adoption, IXPE belongs to the NASA Explorers program, which offers frequent flight opportunities for world-class scientific investigations from space.
IXPE will accomplish the first-ever survey of the polarization properties of tens of celestial X-ray sources, with percent accuracy, and within the boundaries of a small...
The proposed MATHUSLA experiment (MAssive Timing Hodoscope for Ultra-Stable neutraL pArticles) could open a new avenue for discovery of Physics Beyond the Standard Model at the LHC. The large-volume detector will be placed above the CMS experiment with O(100) m of rock separation from the LHC interaction point. It is instrumented with a tracking system to observe long-lived particle decays...
The mitigation of all potential noise sources detrimentally affecting gravitational wave (GW) detection is mandatory for present and future GW interferometers. Here we approach two apparently uncorrelated issues: the electrostatic charge forming on test masses at room and cryogenic temperature, and the build-up of a frost layer on cryogenically cooled mirrors.
Electrostatic charge has been...
ixpeobssim is a simulation and analysis framework, based on the Python programming language and the associated scientific ecosystem, specifically developed for the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). Given a source model and the response functions of the telescopes, it is designed to produce realistic simulated observations, in the form of event lists in FITS format, containing a strict...
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is an experiment aiming to detect rare events, such as antineutrinos originating from nuclear reactors and from the interior of the Earth, as well as neutrinos from galactic and extragalactic sources. JUNO’s active target is made of 20 kton of organic liquid scintillator, monitored by more than 40,000 photosensors.
JUNO will act as a...
The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is the first bolometric experiment searching for 0νββ decay that has been able to reach the one-tonne mass scale. The detector, located at the LNGS in Italy, consists of an array of 988 TeO2 crystals arranged in a compact cylindrical structure of 19 towers. CUORE began its first physics data run in 2017 at a base temperature of...
The CYGNO experiment aims at the development of a large gaseous TPC with GEM-based amplification and an optical readout by means of PMTs and scientific CMOS cameras for 3D tracking down to O(keV) energies, for the directional detection of rare events such as low mass Dark Matter and solar neutrino interactions.
The largest prototype built so far towards the realisation of the CYGNO experiment...
The surface array of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory currently consists of 162 ice Cherenkov tanks and is used both as a veto for the in-ice neutrino observations and as a capable cosmic-ray detector. In order to further enhance the science case of the IceCube surface array, the existing detectors will be complemented by an array of scintillation panels and radio antennas. The scintillation...
Hyper-Kamiokande (Hyper-K) is a next generation underground water Cherenkov detector designed to study neutrinos from J-PARC accelerator and astronomical sources, nucleon decay, with the main focus on the determination of leptonic CP violation.
To detect the weak Cherenkov light generated by neutrino interactions or proton decay, the newly developed 20-inch PMTs by Hamamatsu will be used. The...
Rare events search experiments are one of the challenges of modern physics. Sensitivity of this kind of experiments is conditioned by the background usually coming from materials of the experimental apparatus.
In this context it is crucial to develop high-sensitivity analysis techniques to select the most suitable materials in order to reduce the radioactivity contribution at the background...
The JUNO-TAO detector is a liquid scintillator that will be placed near one core of the Taishan nuclear power plant of China.
It is a satellite detector of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) and will provide a precise measurement of the reactor antineutrino spectra with unprecedented high energy resolution, improving the sensitivity of JUNO on mass hierarchy study....
The Large Area Telescope (LAT) is the primary instrument of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope launched on June 11 2008. It is an imaging, wide field-of-view, gamma-ray telescope, covering the energy range from 30 MeV to more than 300 GeV. The LAT tracker is formed by silicon strips planes alternated with tungsten foils and is used to convert the incoming photon into an electron-positron pair...
We have overwhelming evidence that 85% of the matter content in the Universe is composed of dark matter (DM), some new kind of beyond-the-Standard-Model particle that has yet to be detected. Probing the nature of DM is recognised as one of the most pressing scientific pursuits worldwide.
Since DM candidates span about 45 orders of magnitude in mass, from ultra-light bosons to massive...
The ICARUS collaboration employed the 760-ton T600 detector in a successful three-year physics run at the underground LNGS laboratories studying neutrino oscillations with the CNGS neutrino beam from CERN, and searching for atmospheric neutrino interactions. ICARUS performed a sensitive search for LSND-like anomalous $\nu_e$ appearance in the CNGS beam, which contributed to the constraints on...
The observation of few optical photons is a very common requirement in instrumentation, for instance for the detection of scintillation photons from liquid noble gases in dark matter search experiments. The photon sensors must in particular offer low dark count rate (DCR), high fill factor and good quantum efficiency. Commonly used SiPMs require a single photon sensitive readout for each of...
Nowadays additive manufacturing is catching on and spreading across various fields at an astonishing rate. High energy physics, where materials are often exposed to special environmental conditions, is also starting to use this technology. The aim of this paper is to compare traditional and 3D printed stainless steel AISI 316L products with an eye turned to the specific high energy...
The BDX-Mini experiment is the first electron beam-dump experiment specifically designed to search for Light Dark Matter (LDM) particles in the MeV-GeV mass range. BDX-Mini was exposed for about six months in 2019-2020 to weakly interacting particles (neutrinos and DM) produced by a 2.176 GeV electron beam incident on the beam dump of experimental Hall-A at Jefferson Lab. The detector,...
We are going to present the CYGNO project for the development of a high precision optical readout gaseous TPC for directional Dark Matter search and solar neutrino spectroscopy, to be hosted at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS). CYGNO peculiar features are the use of sCMOS cameras and PMTs coupled to GEM amplification of a He-CF4 gas mixture at atmospheric pressure, in order to...
Darkside-20k is a global direct dark matter search experiment situated at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, designed to reach a total exposure of 200 tonne-years free from instrumental backgrounds. The core of the detector is a dual phase time projection chamber (TPC) filled with 50 tonnes of low-radioactivity liquid argon. This is surrounded by an active neutron veto, employing...
The new experiment at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, called LEGEND-200, will search for neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu \beta \beta$), a yet-to-be-observed weak radioactive transition. The discovery of $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay would prove unambiguously not only the existence of new lepton-number-violating physics but also its connection to the mysterious origin of the neutrino...
Future satellite experiments for cosmic-ray and gamma-ray detection will employ plastic scintillators to discriminate gamma-rays from charged particles and to identify nuclei up to Iron. The High Energy Cosmic Radiation Detector (HERD) facility will be one of those new experiments, and will be installed onboard the Chinese Tiangong Space Station (TSS) . The main goal of the HERD experiment is...
The IceCube Collaboration plans to upgrade IceTop, the surface array located on the South Pole ice sheet, with scintillation detectors augmented by radio antennas. This IceCube Surface Array Enhancement will measure and mitigate the effects of snow accumulation on the operating 162 IceTop Cherenkov tanks, as well as improve the measurements of high-energy cosmic rays by lowering the energy...
The Advanced Virgo+ gravitational wave interferometer (AdVirgo+) has recently completed the first phase of its upgrades and is currently being commissioned for O4 observing run, scheduled for December 2022 and expected to last one year.
O4 run will be followed by a major upgrade, called phase II, that has as its main objective the reduction of thermal noise, expected to increase the...
The High Energy Cosmic Radiation Detection (HERD) facility is a large field-of-view and high-energy cosmic ray detector planned to be installed on the Chinese Space Station in 2027. The Silicon Charge Detector (SCD) is a specialized HERD sub-detector measuring with accuracy the cosmic ray absolute charge magnitude $Z$, separating chemical species in cosmic rays from hydrogen ($Z=1$) to iron...
The Penetrating particle ANalyzer (PAN) is an astroparticle instrument designed to operate in space to measure and to monitor the flux, the composition and the direction of highly penetrating particles with energy ranging from 100MeV/n to 20 GeV/n. The main parts of the PAN spectrometer are: a high field permanent magnet, a Silicon Microstrip Tracker (SMT), a Time-of-Flight counter and an...
The TRISTAN project represents an upgrade under development of the KATRIN (KIT, Germany) focal plane detector (FPD) for the search of the sterile neutrino in the keV energy range. After having assessed and modeled the response of SDDs to electrons and smaller arrays, we present the design and characterization of the detection module featuring a monolithic array of 166 SDD pixels (of 3mm...
ULTRASAT (ULtraviolet TRansient Astronomy SATellite) is a wide-angle space telescope that will perform deep time-resolved surveys in the near ultraviolet spectrum. ULTRASAT is led by the Weizmann Institute of Science (WIS) in Israel and the Israel Space Agency (ISA) and is planned for launch in 2024. The telescope implements a backside-illuminated, stitched pixel detector. The pixel
has 4T...
The absolute mass of neutrinos is one of the most important riddles yet to be solved, since it has many implications in Particle Physics and Cosmology.
HOLMES is an ERC project started in 2014 that will tackle this topic. It will perform a model independent calorimetric measurement of the neutrino mass with a sensitivity of the order of 1 eV using 1000 low temperature microcalorimeters...
The detection of the first gravitational wave in 2015 by the LIGO-VIRGO collaboration has opened a new era for the astronomy, that now can correlate even more types of signals from the space, and now the multi-messenger astronomy is a new approach to have a more complete and deeper vision of the universe. The goal of this philosophy is to evaluate how the synchronized arrival of quite...
