Conveners
Plenary
- Chair: Carmelo Evoli
Plenary
- Chair: Gwenhael de Wasseige
Plenary
- Chair: Marco Chianese
Plenary
- Chair: Fabio Iocco
Plenary
- Chair: Giuliana Fiorillo
Plenary
- Chair: Fiorenza Donato
Plenary
- Chair: Ninetta Saviano
Plenary
- Chair: Dan Hooper
Plenary
- Chair: Silvia Manconi
Plenary
- Chair: Pasquale Dario Serpico
Over the past four years, since April 2019, LHAASO has been in operation, either partially or as a whole. Utilizing the data collected, detection on Gamma-ray emissions from the Northern sky have been made, and observation results on various targets such as pulsar wind nebulae, pulsar halos, supernova remnants, Gamma-ray bursts, active galactic nuclei, and galactic diffused gamma rays, have...
Recent experimental results probe that UHECRs have extragalactic origin, and that their nature evolves towards heavier nuclear species with increasing energy. Several uncertainties however affect the understanding of the characteristics of UHECRs at Earth, as well as the association of UHECRs with possible source classes. In this talk I will report about the most recent experimental...
Over the past decade, AMS02 data have ushered us into a precision era for cosmic-ray physics. By unveiling features in the primary and secondary cosmic-ray spectra, these highly precise data challenge the current paradigms of galactic cosmic rays. In this talk, I will revisit the main results that have sparked interest within the cosmic-ray community, both about particles and antiparticles. I...
The intense star-forming activity typical of star-forming galaxies results in unique conditions for the acceleration of high-energy particles.
The enhanced supernova rate associated with such star formation can in fact transfer a large amount of power to non-thermal particles which,
in turn, can lose most of their energy in the dense and perturbed star-forming environment before being able...
IceCube collaboration has previously reported an evidence for neutrino signal from a Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068. This may suggest that all Seyfert galaxies emit neutrinos. To test this hypothesis, we identify the best candidate neutrino sources among nearby Seyfert galaxies, based on their hard X-ray properties. Only two other sources, NGC 4151 and NGC 3079 are expected to be detectable in 10...
I will discuss the current status of various dark matter indirect probes, some recent new developments, and possible new directions in the future.
I will review the Primordial Black Hole (PBH) hypothesis for explaining the dark matter in the universe. I will focus on the peculiar ‘asteroid mass range’ where this possibility remains viable, discussing a number of signatures that have been proposed to search for them, and present current constraints. I will conclude highlighting some perspectives for the foreseeable future.
Strong lensing provides a direct, purely gravitational method to infer the abundance and internal structure of dark matter halos, which in turn depend on the particle nature of dark matter. Follow up of quadruple image strong lens systems with JWST will deliver more precise and constraining measurements than currently possible with HST, leading to unprecedented constraints on the nature of...
In this talk I will focus on a promising novel line of research for dark matter indirect detection, called the cross-correlation technique. This novel technique aims to correlate two distinctive features of DM: on one side, an electromagnetic signal, which is a manifestation of the particle nature of DM and, on the other side, a gravitational tracer of the DM distribution in the Universe. A...
Multimessenger observations leverage the unique roles of each messenger to provide new insight into our universe. With successive upgrades to current facilities and the launch of new instruments, and hence a growing number of detections, we are prepared to address a number of fundamental questions in cosmology. In this talk, I will give an overview of the exciting opportunities that...
Dwarf galaxies are the lowest mass galaxies in the Universe but they are key laboratories for understanding galaxy formation processes, since their properties are sensitive to how these processes are in play. Moreover they are strong probes for cosmology and dark matter properties. There are long standing debates in the literature on whether the observed properties of dwarf galaxies are...
The Fuzzy Dark Matter (FDM) model predicts that dark matter is composed of ultralight scalar field particles which possess macroscopic de Broglie wavelengths in the kpc scale. The wave behaviour of FDM erases structure formation on small scales and leads to the formation of galactic cores or solitons. This has been a subject of great interest in addressing challenges of the ΛCDM model, where...
The question of whether there is new physics beyond our current standard model, Lambda Cold Dark Matter (LCDM), is a crucial unresolved issue in cosmology today. Recent measurements of the Hubble constant (Ho) using Cepheids and Type Ia supernovae (SNe) appear to differ significantly (5-sigma) from values inferred from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) fluctuations. This discrepancy, if...
This talk will give an overview of the field of Dark
Matter Direct Detection, present recent highlights, and give a perspective
on the exciting prospects for the future.
The XENONnT experiment, located deep-underground in Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (Italy), is operating since 2020 with the aim of detecting dark matter direct interaction signals.
By exploiting a 5.9 t liquid Xenon target equipped with a Time Projection Chamber, as well as a combination of active veto systems and advanced purification techniques, the XENONnT experiment has reached an...
The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment utilises a dual-phase xenon technology to search for dark matter in a wide range of WIMP masses. The setup includes xenon time projection chamber, xenon skin region and the outer detector made of Gd-loaded liquid scintillator. The detector is operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. The detector has been calibrated with a...
The Recoil Directionality Experiment (ReD) aims at understanding if liquid Argon (LAr) experiments can determine the directionality of Dark Matter, as well as improving the measurement of very low energy nuclear recoils. For the latter, we study interactions of neutrons in our dual-phase LAr Time ProjectionChamber, in the 2 - 10 keV recoil energy region, determining its charge yield. This is a...
Light Dark Matter has recently gained a lot of attention. Generally, direct detection of sub-GeV Dark Matter is challenging since it induces low recoil energies. The problem is solved by considering light Dark Matter with considerable kinetic energies. In this talk, we point out that Primordial Black Hole evaporation is a source of boosted light dark Matter with energies of tens to hundreds of...
On Aug. 17, 2017, the merger of a binary neutron-star system observed through gravitational waves and multi-wavelength emissions, from gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet-optical-near-infrared, and radio, marked the history of multi-messenger astronomy, showing its enormous potential in probing the physics of the most energetic events in the Universe. Multi-messenger observations are a unique tool...
Gamma-ray bursts have been hypothesized as the sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays. The direct evidence, however, is still missing. Recent detection of gamma-rays exceeding 10 TeV from the record-breaking “brightest of all time” or the B.O.A.T. burst GRB 221009A provides clues to whether UHECRs are accelerated and responsible for producing very high energy gamma rays. In this talk I will...
In October 2022, an extremly powerful and rare Gamma-Ray Burst, GRB 221009A, was observed by tens of space- and ground-based observatories, including both instruments onboard the Fermi Mission, the Large Area Telescope (LAT) and the Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM). The triggering pulse, detected by Fermi-GBM, was followed by a prompt phase lasting a few hundred seconds, and by an extended...
The production of the early emission of gamma‑ray bursts (GRBs) is still highly debated. We mostly rely on the wide field of view gamma‑ray instruments in the range of 10 keV-10 MeV. However, at higher energies (above 100 GeV), apparently, it is a critical job to catch it in flagrante. I will discuss the multi-messenger observational strategies to detect the early emission of short GRBs at...
Various short-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments have yielded unexpected results, which hint at the existence of light sterile neutrinos. IceCube has performed a unique search for sterile neutrinos by exploiting matter-enhanced resonant oscillations, which can be probed using atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos in the TeV energy regime. The analysis uses the world’s largest sample...
The constituents of dark matter (DM) are still unknown, and the viable possibilities span a very large mass range. Specific scenarios for the origin of dark matter sharpen the focus on a narrower range of masses: the natural scenario where dark matter originates from thermal contact with familiar matter in the early Universe requires the DM mass to lie within about an MeV to 100 TeV....
CMS searches for dark matter including those with dark portal interactions are presented.
Various topologies and kinematic variables are explored. In this talk, we focus on the
recent results obtained using the full Run-II dataset collected at the LHC.
Many theories beyond the Standard Model (BSM) have been proposed to address several
of the Standard Model shortcomings, such as the origin of dark matter and neutrino
masses, the fine-tuning of the Higgs Boson mass, or the observed pattern of masses
and mixing angles in the quark and lepton sectors. Many of these BSM extensions
predict new particles or interactions directly accessible at...
The discovery of the Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV completed the particle
content predicted by the Standard Model (SM). Even though this model is well
established and consistent with many measurements, it is not capable to solely
explain some observations. Many extensions of the SM addressing such shortcomings
have additional (neutral or charged) Higgs bosons. In some models, the...
In this talk I will give a theorist point of view of the status of our quest for physics beyond the standard model of particle physics. One decade after the discovery of the Higgs boson many of the theoretical questions remain the same. I will review how our view of these questions
has been impacted by experimental data. I will give some examples of what I consider to be interesting ideas to...
The QCD axion -- which emerges as a solution to the strong CP problem -- would unavoidably contribute both the dark matter and dark radiation in the early and present Universe. The rich phenomenology brought in by the theory of the QCD axion depends on various components such as the axion energy scale, the details of the production mechanism, and the thermal history of the early Universe. We...
The indirect detection program looks for annihilation and decay products of dark matter from astrophysical sources. In its high-mass regime, it offers the only way to get ‘right here, right now’ constraints on many motivated scenarios. I will describe two possible stories for dark matter at or beyond the weak scale, and current & projected limits on them. The first is the case of vanilla...
An intriguing possibility is that multiple dark matter (DM) candidates can coexist and contribute significantly to its measured relic abundance. In R-parity conserving supersymmetric models, the MSSM and the next-to-MSSM extended with RH neutrino superfields, we study a two-component scenario with right-handed sneutrino NLSP and gravitino LSP as DM candidates. Interestingly, the right-handed...
The microphysics of Dark Matter (DM) remains an open question in high energy physics and cosmology. Given the diversity of particles in the Standard Model (SM), it is plausible that DM is also composed of more than one type of particle organized in a “dark sector”. In case of inelastic or pseudo-Dirac DM, the dark sector consists of two nearly mass-degenerate states. These can participate in...
The Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) is the first 23-m-diameter prototype telescope for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) and it is able to perform high-sensitivity observations in the energy band from 20 GeV to 20 TeV. The telescope is in its commissioning phase and is performing regular observations on a wide range of astrophysical sources in order to verify its scientific...
The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is a Japan-led experiment installed on the International Space Station (ISS) in collaboration with Italy and the United States. It was developed with the purpose to carry out precision measurements of high energy cosmic-rays (CR), to investigate their origin, the mechanisms of acceleration and galactic propagation, and the presence of possible nearby...
The kilometer-square array (KM2A) of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO, located at 4410 m above sea level with an atmospheric depth of 600 ) can simultaneously measure air shower sizes of both electromagnetic particles and muon contents with high precision for cosmic rays with energies in the knee region. The energy is reconstructed by combining parameters of muons and...
Pulsars and their associated pulsar wind nebulae are known to be efficient particle accelerators and antimatter factories in our Galaxy; the Crab nebula is the only leptonic accelerator firmly identified to date.
Observations at high and very high energies have shown in recent years that pulsar wind nebulae efficiently inject particles into the ambient medium, especially in their evolved...
Supernova remnants (SNRs) and pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are key classes of Galactic particle accelerators and are generally thought to be responsible for providing the bulk of cosmic rays in the Galaxy up to the knee. VERITAS observations of SNRs and PWNe in the very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) range provide critical information to help us understand the nature of these accelerators,...
The Milky Way is the most prominent feature of the sky in all wavelengths of light. At the highest energies, the gamma-ray emission can tell us the story of cosmic rays in the Galaxy, but does not give us the possibility to distinguish between leptonic or hadronic emissions. This multi-wavelength scenario can be complemented by the observation of neutrinos; indeed, neutrinos can only come from...
Being for centuries a magnificent and enigmatic environment in the low energy regime, the Milky Way became, during the last decades, the prominent astrophysical lab to understand the high-energy diffuse emission produced by charged particles propagation and interactions with the interstellar medium. A Galactic cosmic-ray transport model featuring non-homogeneous transport has been developed...
