Prof.
Piero Rosati
(Universita' di Ferrara)
08/01/2014, 15:30
abstract: Galaxy clusters are a powerful tools to test the Lambda-Cold-Dark-Matter (LCDM) cosmological paradigm and the structure formation scenario. Their multi-wavelength study reveal key information on the dark sector of the Universe (DM and dark energy), as well as on the cosmic circulation of baryons in the cold and hot phase. I will briefly review the methodologies and recent results in...
Dr
Andrea Roselli
(Universita' di Milano)
09/01/2014, 14:30
Abstract: Einstein, come tutti i fisici prima di lui, era convinto che l'obiettivo della scienza fosse la descrizione di un mondo determinato, definito, indipendente dalla nostra conoscenza. Quando i fisici di Copenaghen cominciarono a parlare di indeterminismo e problema della misura, fu chiaro che la MQ - così com'era - non era compatibile con quella descrizione: si produsse uno iato tra...
Dr
Miguel Quartin
(Univ. Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brasil)
20/01/2014, 14:00
Abstract: Soon the number of type Ia supernovae (SNe) measurements should surpass 10^5. Understanding weak lensing effects in these objects will then be more important than ever. Although SNe lensing is usually seen as a source of systematic noise in this talk I will show how this noise can be in fact turned into signal. I will thus first describe how we were able to accurately model the...
Prof.
Re'em SARI
(Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem)
27/01/2014, 15:00
Abstract
We discuss the physics of the breakout of relativistic and non relativistic shocks from the envelopes of stars. While most of the luminosity escapes from the diffusion/convection transition, the thermalization of the photons happens farther out.
Special treatment of these different regimes is important in order to capture correctly both luminosity and color temperature of the...
Prof.
Maurice Van Putten
(Università di Seul (Sud Korea))
29/01/2014, 15:00
Abstract: Electromagnetic priors can greatly aid searches for gravitational waves with the advanced detectors LIGO-Virgo and KAGRA. Of particular interest are GRBs and core-collapse SNe.
We discuss some recent phenomenology that points to inner engines comprising black holes rather than (proto-)neutron stars. It points to a new class of long duration gravitational wave bursts from turbulent...
Prof.
Alex Howard
(ETH Zurich)
13/02/2014, 11:00
A future balloon borne spectrometer will be described. The goal of the experiment is to measure the cosmic ray positron and electron flux up to the TeV scale. In the quest for dark matter, the positron fraction in cosmic rays is a key observable as it might indicate the presence of decaying dark matter particles. A balloon spectrometer offers a cost effective method to measure the spectrum...
Prof.
Mohamad Kalil
(AstroParticle and Cosmology Laboratory (APC) in Paris)
17/02/2014, 15:00
Abstract: Single sided silicon strip detectors (SSD) and double sided silicon strip detectors (DSSD) are silicon based micro-strip detectors that are widely used in various physics experiments and medical applications.
These detectors are currently commercially available with thicknesses and pitch sizes up to 2000 μm each, however most of the ones being used in experiments are rather thin...
Prof.
Paolo Lenisa
(Universita' di Ferrara)
20/02/2014, 14:30
An electric dipole aligned along the spin axis of a fundamental particle, nucleus, or atomic system violates both parity conservation and time reversal invariance. The observation of such a phenomenon would, at present or proposed levels of experimental sensitivity, signal new physics beyond the Standard Model.
The usual method for identifying an electric dipole moment (EDM) in such...
Prof.
Pierre Desesquelles
(Universita’ di Paris Sud ( Orsay))
21/02/2014, 10:15
Many physical systems evolve by brutal fragmentation or, on the contrary, by aggregation and coalescence. Unlike the processes of reactions at equilibrium (chemical reactions, nuclear fission, for example) that are well understood, the processes of fragmentation are often puzzling. In the nineties, great efforts have been invested in the frame of nuclear physics to describe and understand the...
Dr
Giovanni Giunchi
(Consulente Scienza dei Materiali)
27/02/2014, 15:00
Abstract
La possibilità di produrre cilindri superconduttivi di MgB2 di dimensioni delle decine di centimetri, applicando la tecnologia dell’infiltrazione reattiva, apre le porte all’ utilizzo di schermi magnetici passivi in grado di operare fino a temperature di circa 30K. Vengono presentate le linee principali alla base dell’originale processo di infiltrazione reattiva per ottenere MgB2,...
Victor, A. Novikov
(ITEP, Moscow)
06/03/2014, 15:00
We demonstrate that CPT-violation due to the $e^+ e^-$
mass difference generates a photon mass.
As a result a cosmological bound on the photon mass
leads to the bound on $e^+ e^-$ mass difference
that more than 10 orders of magnitude stronger than
the direct experimental bound.
Prof.
Fabio Mantovani
(Universita' di Ferrara)
10/03/2014, 15:30
Low-energy neutrinos have very long mean free path and neutrinos emitted by astronomical bodies carry direct information on their internal composition and structure. Experimental detection of the solar neutrinos has already provided valuable information on radioactive processes inside the stars. Unlike the Sun, Earth emits mainly antineutrinos (called geoneutrinos) which are detected by...
Dr
Domitilla De Martino
(Osservatorio Astronomico Capodimonte dell'INAF di Napoli)
11/03/2014, 11:00
Abstract: The X-ray surveys conducted by Swift and Integral have revealed a non-neglible number of Cataclysmic Variables (CV) emitting above 20keV.
I will present recent results from the ongoing programme with XMM-Newton on newly discovered sources aiming at identifying their true nature.
I will show their temporal and spectral properties with emphasis on new aspects of the X-ray emission of...
Dr
Gioacchino Ranucci
(INFN, Milano)
13/03/2014, 15:00
L’elevato, ed in qualche modo inatteso, valore dell’angolo di mixing θ13 misurato recentemente da Day Bay, Reno e Double Chooz
rende sperimentalmente accessibile il metodo proposto più di dieci anni fa da Petcov e Piai per la determinazione
della gerarchia di massa dei neutrini tramite la misura dello spettro di antineutrini con un rivelatore a scintillatore liquido di grande massa situato...
Evgeniy Kravchenko Budker
(INP Novosibirsk (Russia))
19/03/2014, 15:00
The Super Charm-Tau Factory is under the development at the Budker INP
in Novosibirsk. This will be the e+e collider with the luminosity up
to 10^35 cm^-2s^-1 and the energy at the centre of mass from 2 to 5
GeV. The ‘golden’ process will be the search for the
lepton flavor violation in tau decays: tau -> mu+gamma with the
projected sensitivity Br<10^-9. One of the main background sources...
Prof.
Pascal Chardonnet
(Université de Savoie, Annecy (Francia))
20/03/2014, 15:00
The first stars of the Universe, called Population III stars (Pop III), are rapidly becoming an important subject of investigation from the point of view of theory and observations. The formation of these stars hundreds of millions years after the Big-Bang marks the end of what it is called the ``Dark Age"". Today's telescopes cannot look far enough into the cosmic past, so we don't have...
Prof.
Ferruccio Petrucci
(Universita' di Ferrara & INFN)
20/03/2014, 17:00
Prof.
Luciano Burderi
(Universita' di Cagliari)
25/03/2014, 11:00
I critically discuss the measure of very short time intervals.
By means of a conceptual experiment, I describe an ideal clock
based on the occurrence of completely random events.
I show that the minimum time interval dt that this clock can measure
scales as the inverse of its size dr.
This implies an uncertainty relation between space and time: dr dt >= Gh/(2pi c^4)
where G, h, and c are...
Paolo Natoli
(Universita' di Ferrara)
26/03/2014, 16:00
I will discuss the recent BICEP2 paper where it is claimed a detection of inflationary gravitational waves in the CMB polarization pattern
Prof.
Vladimir G. Kurt
(AstroSpace Center, P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences)
01/04/2014, 11:00
Abstract: A review of the earliest observations of GRBs in Russia is discussed,
starting from the earliest observations in hard X-rays onboard of the Russian
satellites “Prognoz” and the interplanetary stations launched to Mars and Venus.
Prof.
Vladimir G. Kurt
(AstroSpace Center of the P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences of Moscow)
04/04/2014, 11:00
The physical processes during the cosmological recombination epoch (900 < z < 7000) are well known now.
The most important effect to be observed in future is unique deviations of the CMB spectrum from a blackbody
caused by the photon release during the recombination.
These photons are added to the thermal CMB spectrum forming the hydrogen and helium recombination spectrum.
The dynamics of...
Prof.
Filippo chair Frontera
(Universita' di Ferrara)
10/04/2014, 11:00
Prof.
Filippo Frontera
(Universita' di Ferrara)
11/04/2014, 09:00
Giulia Vecchi
(University of Cambridge)
15/04/2014, 15:00
How long can a man live?
While constantly trying to increase the average lifespan, human attempts have always come to face newer natural obstacles, represented by the spreading of more complex and yet incurable types of diseases. In developed countries, one of the main obstacles now is represented by neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s...
Priyanka Joshi
(University of Cambridge)
15/04/2014, 15:40
Proteins are macromolecules that carry out most of the functions in a living cell. These functions are largely attributed to the structure they adopt natively in the cell. Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs), a unique and important extension of the protein kingdom, challenge the well-established concept of “one protein--one structure--one function” in structural biology. IDPs are highly...
E. Mark Haacke, Ph.D.
(Dept. of Radiology, School of Medicine MR Research Facility at Harper University Hospital)
08/05/2014, 11:30
MRI is a reliable method for quantifying blood flow and visualizing head and neck vasculature in 3D. Using high resolution 3D vascular imaging and 2D cardiac gated flow quantification, we will show that multiple sclerosis patients reveal anomalous venous behavior compared to healthy controls (HC). Our goal is to determine the optimum flow thresholds to differentiate normal flow from abnormal...
Prof.
Eleuterio Toro
(Universita' di Trento)
08/05/2014, 12:10
By means of a recently constructed global mathematical model for the entire human circulation we study the intra-cranial haemodynamical impact of extra-cranial CCSVI-like venous anomalies. Pressure and velocity fields in the full cardiovascular system are computed. Computational results are compared to MRI measurements. Our model predicts that extra-cranial venous strictures cause disturbed...
Raffaella Margutti
(Harvard University)
29/05/2014, 16:00
ABSTRACT: Observations are drawing a complex picture of the latest stages of massive stars evolution and their explosions. In this talk I concentrate on two among the least understood aspects, adopting an observational perspective: (i) How do massive stars lose a significant fraction of their mass in the years preceding the explosion? (ii) What is the role of central-engines in explosions...
Marco Casolino
(INFN and RIKEN)
03/06/2014, 14:30
The Pamela spectrometer was launched in 2006 from the cosmodrome of Baikonur, Kazakistan, on board the Russian satellite Resurs-DK1. Since then, it has been collecting cosmic rays from its 70 degrees inclination, 600 km altitude polar orbit. This orbit allows to sample particles of trapped, semi-trapped nature in the Earth geomagnetosphere, of solar origin (emitted in solar particle events),...
Dr
Giuseppe Palma
(CNR - IBB Napoli)
10/06/2014, 10:00
Magnetic Resonance Imaging provides some of the most powerful techniques to study in vivo the vascular tree and a large spectrum of phenomena related to blood flow. In this context, Phase Contrast pulse sequences play a central role in the flow quantification of arterial and venous vessels.
After a brief introduction to NMR signal formation and its spatial reconstruction, the theory of...
Prof.
Antonio Masiero
(INFN e Universita' di Padova)
16/06/2014, 14:30
Verranno discusse le prospettive che si aprono davanti
a noi nella ricerca di segnali di nuova fisica alle alte energie,
all'alta intensita' e nella fisica astroparticellare.
Alessandro Drago
(Universita' di Ferrara)
18/06/2014, 15:00
Abstract:
Over the last few years, a strong synergy has been developing among
research areas apparently quite separated, offering the possibility to
investigate several crucial questions in hadronic and nuclear physics,
astrophysics, and gravitational physics from complementary viewpoints. The
main goal of this research is to discover the composition of matter at
supra-nuclear density, which,...
Edoardo Milotti
(Universita' di Trieste e INFN)
19/06/2014, 15:00
Abstract: Photon-photon scattering is an elusive and yet extremely important process, which offers a unique glimpse into the vacuum of quantum electrodynamics. Here I discuss the experimental opportunities of a direct observation of this process, and their relevance to our understanding of quantum vacuum.
Massimiliano Lattanzi
(Universita' di Ferrara)
25/06/2014, 15:00
The nature of dark matter is one of the most puzzling open problems of cosmology and particle physics. Axions and axion-like particles (ALPs), like the majoron, are plausible candidates for the role of dark matter. In my talk I will review the constraints that can be put on the properties of axions from the most recent observations of the temperature and polarization anisotropies of the cosmic...
Stefania Pandolfi
(Dark Cosmology Centre, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen)
03/07/2014, 14:30
Beyond the standard cosmological mode, in which the Dark Energy is provided by the Cosmological Constant, the late-time accelerated expansion of the Universe can be reproduced by the introduction of an additional dynamical scalar field. In this case, the field is expected to be naturally coupled to the rest of the theory's fields, unless a (still unknown) symmetry suppresses this coupling....
Claudia Antolini
(SISSA, Trieste)
18/09/2014, 14:30
After multiple high precision detections (ACT, SPT, Planck) gravitational lensing has become
a new source of relevant cosmological information: combining it with other probes
(e.g. the large scale structure) can give significant insight on the evolution of the
Dark Energy component. Developing new algorithms of estimate of this signal will allow
the community to exploit this observable as...
Eva Rodríguez Vegas
(Research Center for Energy, Environment and Technology (CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain))
29/09/2014, 15:00
Natural (210Pbunsupported, 226Ra, 210Po and 7Be) and artificial (239,240Pu, 137Cs) radionuclides are largely used as tools for studying and quantifying soil erosion. The global fallout of artificial radionuclides derived from weapons testing that took place during the 1940’s and the 1960’s was rapidly and firmly fixed in the soil surface, allowing to calculate further soil erosion by comparing...
Bruna Bertucci
(Universita' e INFN di Perugia)
24/10/2014, 09:30
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer is a precision particle physics
detector installed on the International Space Station since May 19, 2011.
More than 40 billion of cosmic ray particles have been collected in
its first 30 months of operations and nearly 11 million electron and
positrons have been selected among them to accurately measure
their fluxes in an extended energy range. Results on...
Berezhiani Zurab
(Universita' dell'Aquila & INFN-LNGS)
28/10/2014, 15:00
I shall discuss a scenario which can explain the shape and flavor content
of very high en ergy neutrinos observed recently by IceCube collaboration.
It works as follows: dark matter decay produces very high energy
sterile neutrinos, with energies order PeV, which then oscillate into active
neutrinos with proper oscillation probabilities, producing VHE neutrinos
with specific spectrum.
A.S. Sorin
(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna)
31/10/2014, 11:00
The NICA (Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility) Project is now under the active realization stage at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR, Dubna). The main goal of the Project is an experimental study of hot and dense strongly interacting matter in heavy ion (up to Au) collisions at centre-of-mass energies √s_NN = 4 - 11 GeV (NN-equivalent) and the average luminosity 10E27 cm-2 s-1...
Giuseppe Lo Presti
(CERN IT/Data and Storage Services)
17/11/2014, 16:30
Abstract:
In questo seminario verra' discusso il modello computazionale e di movimentazione
dati che si sta delineando per l'imminente ripartenza degli esperimenti presso l'LHC,
il Large Hadron Collider del CERN di Ginevra.
Inizialmente sara' presentato il Large Hadron Collider ed il lavoro svolto durante la
lunga fase di stop degli acceleratori iniziata nel 2013, in preparazione della...
Gianluca Cavoto
(Università Roma La Sapienza)
02/12/2014, 11:00
"A new generation of parasitic beam extraction of high energy particles from an
accelerator is proposed in CRYSBEAM. CRYSBEAM received an ERC Consolidator
Grant of the FP7-IDEAS European programme. Instead of massive magnetic kickers,
bent thin crystals trapping particles within the crystal lattice planes are used.
The first goal of the proposal is to demonstrate that bent crystals can...
Liliet Calero Diaz
(INFN Frascati)
12/12/2014, 11:00
Measurements of transverse polarization of lambda hyperons produced in
high energy pp collisions may help to address several open issues about
lambda production and polarization mechanisms, such as the origin of
spontaneous lambda polarization. Its decay into a proton and a pion in a
parity violating weak decay enables the determination of the Λ hyperon
polarization by measuring the...
Dario Castagnolo
(Telespazio (Napoli))
17/12/2014, 11:00
The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station, or a habitable artificial satellite, in low Earth orbit from 350 up to 450 km. The orbital period is 90 minutes, the inclination to the equatorial plane is 51.6.
The ISS is a modular structure whose first component was launched in 1998. The ISS serves as a microgravity and space environment research laboratory in which Crew members...
Prof.
Ferruccio Petrucci
(Universita' di Ferrara & INFN)
