Strategies for integrated luminosity optimisation for circular colliders

• Federico Capoani (CERN)

Room: BP-2A The total integrated luminosity is the key factor in evaluating the overall scientific output performance of a circular collider. A possible strategy to maximise it deals with fill durations. Keeping a fill running, as particle intensity is reduced due to collision burn-off and losses induced by non-linearities, becomes at a certain point less valuable, in terms of total luminosity, than injecting a new fill, keeping into account turn-around times, failure rates, and the statistical distribution of fill initial parameters. Determination of the optimal fill end time is the goal of our analysis: using public luminosity data measured by the ATLAS detector during LHC Run 2 and 3 we propose an online optimisation strategy to be compared to a random baseline, also introducing luminosity levelling as it will be relevant for HL-LHC.

The CERN Future Circular Hadron Collider

• Massimo Giovannozzi (CERN)

Room: BP-2A CERN is actively engaged in developing a proposal for a collider to follow the HL-LHC. Since 2013, the Future Circular Collider (FCC) has been the suggested route for advancing particle physics research at the conclusion of the HL-LHC period. This plan includes two types of colliders: one for electron-positron interactions and another for hadron-hadron interactions, both accommodated within the same tunnel and sharing the necessary infrastructure. In this seminar, I will discuss the hadron-hadron collider, detailing the design's progression from its inception and the ongoing beam dynamics research, while also considering future advancements.

CNAO: current status and near future

• Alessio Mereghetti (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare ,CNAO)

Room: BP-2A The National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO, Pavia, Italy) is one of the four cancer treatment facilities in Europe delivering proton and carbon ion beams for cancer treatment. Beams are accelerated by means of the only hadron synchrotron currently available in Italy, and made available in three treatment rooms, all equipped with fixed beam lines and an active spot scanning system for tumor painting. CNAO is also equipped with an experimental room (XPR) dedicated to non-clinical research activities; since 2022, CNAO routinely welcomes researchers from Italy and abroad to carry out their activities with beams in the XPR. Recently, a new ion source has been installed in CNAO, enriching by far the portfolio of accelerated ion species of interest for clinical and non-clinical research activities, like helium, lithium, nitrogen, oxygen, and iron. CNAO is currently undergoing a massive expansion phase, with the installation of a synchrotron-based, single-room proton-therapy system equipped with a gantry, and a tandem-based machine for boron-neutron capture therapy (BNCT). This contribution will give an overview of the present status of the center and the current plans for the near future, together with a glimpse into the physics-driven research activities.