Speaker
Description
Despite the widespread use of conventional electrochemical batteries, their limited lifespan and their tendency to degrade under extreme environmental conditions restrict their applicability. Betavoltaic batteries, consisting of a radioactive source and a semiconductor material designed to convert the energy of beta particles into electricity, have progressively gained attention due to their long operational lifetime and high energy density. These characteristics make them a safe and clean alternative in scenarios where battery replacement would be impractical or impossible.
A research project from Padova and Perugia, summarized in this poster, focuses on the study, development, and optimization of betavoltaic energy conversion devices through a combined modeling and experimental approach. The research aims to improve the understanding of the physical mechanisms governing charge generation, transport, and collection in betavoltaic systems, with the ultimate goal of enhancing device performance and reliability.
On the modeling side, Monte Carlo simulations are employed to investigate beta-particle transport and energy deposition phenomena within the device structure, including effects such as self-absorption in the radioactive source and electron backscattering. These simulations are coupled with multiphysics device models to analyze the electrical response of the system, including current–voltage characteristics, charge carrier dynamics, and electrostatic behavior under irradiation. Different design and optimization strategies have been explored at a conceptual level to assess their impact on overall device efficiency.
In parallel, an experimental activity is conducted to characterize prototype betavoltaic devices using a dedicated measurement setup. The experimental methodology is designed to ensure accurate electrical measurements while minimizing parasitic effects related to capacitance and temperature variations. Electrical performance under beta radiation exposure is systematically investigated, and experimental observations are used to support and refine the modeling framework.
By integrating simulations and experimental validation, the project aims to provide general design guidelines and methodological tools for the development of advanced betavoltaic energy sources, while remaining independent of specific device implementations or proprietary configurations.