Quantum Fluids in the Universe

5 Jun 2023, 09:00 → 15 Jun 2023, 17:00 Europe/Rome

Centro Congressi "Le Benedettine" - Pisa

ISAPP  School 2023

 

Aims of the school:

To provide a cross-disciplinary overview and the main tools to work on some of the main aspects of astroparticle physics where quantum collective properties of matter play a crucial role.

The initiative of this school springs also from the experience gained in the organization of the QFC (quantum fluids, fundamental interactions and cosmology conference series )

Planned courses and Lecturers:

• Properties of matter in neutron stars and GW emission - Lecturer: Armen Sedrakian (Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies)

• Multimessenger observations of neutron stars - Lecturer: Archisman Ghosh (Ghent University)

• Light dark matter candidates - Lecturer: Kfir Blum (Weizmann In.)

• Light dark matter search - Lecturer: Elisa Ferreira (Tokyo Un.)

• Light dark matter around black hole and its gravitational signature - Lecturer: Paolo Pani (Roma “la Sapienza” Un.)

• Simulation of gravity and GWs in Bose-Einstein condensates - Lecturer: Ivette Fuentes Guridi (Southampton Un.)

• Classical and quantum fluids in gravitational fields -  Lecturer: Alberto Nicolis (Columbia Un.)

Organizing institutions:

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa

Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa

Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa

About ISAPP

ISAPP is a network of over 30 European Institutions that organize Doctorate Schools on Astroparticle Physics for almost 20 years.

Organizers:

Bartolome Alles Salom (INFN), Ignazio Bombaci (U. Pisa),
Giancarlo Cella (INFN), Maria Luisa Chiofalo (U. Pisa), Michele Cignoni (U.
Pisa), Elena Cuoco (EGO + SNS), Scilla Degl’Innocenti (U. Pisa), Walter
Del Pozzo (U. Pisa), Nicolao Fornengo (U. Torino), Daniele Gaggero (INFN), Dario Grasso (INFN), Leonardo Gualtieri (U. Pisa), Laura Elisa Marcucci (U. Pisa), Giovanni Marozzi (U. Pisa), Paolo Panci (U. Pisa), Barbara Patricelli (U. Pisa), Josef Pradler (HEPHY Vienna), Massimiliano Razzano (U. Pisa), Enrico Trincherini (SNS), Michele Viviani (INFN)

Scientific Advisory Committee: ISAPP Steering Committee

Registration deadline: 2 April 2023

 

Foto ISAPP.jpg

Material LOCANDINA.pdf

Photo

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Monday, 5 June

09:00 → 10:00 Registration

10:00 → 11:00 Welcome to the School

11:00 → 11:30 coffee break

11:30 → 13:30 Q&A: Presentation

13:30 → 15:00 Lunch break

15:00 → 17:00 Classical and Quantum Fluids - remote

Convener: Alberto Nicolis (Columbia University)

15:00 Lesson 1

Speaker: Alberto Nicolis (Columbia University)

Nicolis L1.pdf

video1052050491.mp4

Tuesday, 6 June

09:00 → 11:00 Multimessanger observations of neutron stars

Convener: Archisman Ghosh

09:00 Lesson 1

Speaker: Archisman Ghosh

gw_exercises.pdf

ISAPP-2023_lec_1.pdf

11:00 → 11:30 coffee break

11:30 → 13:30 Light Dark Matter Candidates

Convener: Kfir Blum

11:30 Lesson 1

Speaker: Kfir Blum

13:30 → 15:00 Lunch break

15:00 → 17:00 Classical and Quantum Fluids - remote

15:00 Lesson 2

Speaker: Alberto Nicolis (Columbia University)

Note Jun 6, 2023.pdf

Wednesday, 7 June

09:00 → 11:00 Multimessanger observations of neutron stars

Conveners: Archisman Ghosh, Archisman Ghosh (Nikhef)

09:00 Lesson 2

Speaker: Archisman Ghosh

ISAPP-2023_lec_2.pdf

11:00 → 11:30 coffee break

11:30 → 13:30 Light Dark Matter Candidates

Convener: Kfir Blum

11:30 Lesson 2

Speaker: Kfir Blum

13:30 → 15:00 Lunch break

15:00 → 17:00 Classical and Quantum Fluids - remote: Third lesson

Convener: Alberto Nicolis (Columbia University)

15:00 Lesson 3

Speaker: Alberto Nicolis (Columbia University)

Note Jun 7, 2023.pdf

video1485325896.mp4

Thursday, 8 June

09:00 → 11:00 Multimessanger observations of neutron stars

Convener: Archisman Ghosh (Nikhef)

09:00 Lesson 3

Speaker: Archisman Ghosh

11:00 → 11:30 coffee break

11:30 → 13:30 Light Dark Matter Candidates

Convener: Kfir Blum

11:30 Lesson 3

Speaker: Kfir Blum

13:30 → 15:00 Lunch break

15:00 → 17:00 Classical and Quantum Fluids - remote: Fourth lesson

Convener: Alberto Nicolis (Columbia University)

15:00 Lesson 4

Speaker: Alberto Nicolis (Columbia University)

video1818835116.mp4

Friday, 9 June

09:00 → 11:00 Light Dark Matter Candidates

09:00 Lesson 4

Speaker: Kfir Blum

11:00 → 11:30 coffee break

11:30 → 12:00 Seminar: Introduction to EGO

12:00 → 13:00 Lighting Talks

12:00 Modeling of the iron line profiles emitted by accreting relativistic compact object.

Speaker: Dr René Šprňa

12:15 How robust are particle physics predictions in asymptotic safety?

The framework of trans-Planckian asymptotically safe quantum gravity has been shown to give phenomenological predictions for new physics content in simple extensions of the Standard Model. However, it is important to note that this heuristic approach relies on simplifying approximations, including the computation of renormalization group equations at 1-loop, an arbitrary definition of the position of the Planck scale at $10^{19}$ GeV, and a zero gravitational contribution to the renormalization group equations below the Planck scale and a constant contribution above it.
In this work, we systematically drop each of these approximations and analyze their impact on predictions, both analytically and numerically. For the numerical description we consider two very different extensions of the Standard Model: a gauged $B-L$ model and a leptoquark $S_3$ model. In the former model, we aim to predict the Yukawa couplings of the right-handed neutrino, the dark abelian gauge couplings, and the kinetic mixing. In the latter model, we aim to predict the Yukawa coupling of the color-charged leptoquark. We present numerical and analytical estimates of the uncertainties within each model.

Speaker: Dr Daniele Rizzo

Daniele Rizzo.pdf

12:30 Positivity Bounds for Effective Field Theories with Spontaneously Broken Lorentz Invariance

Positivity Bounds are a very powerful tool to impose constraints on the parameters of low energy effective field theories (EFTs). Starting from the assumption that an EFT admits a UV completion which satisfies Lorentz Invariance, Locality and Unitarity, one can derive a set of inequalities that must be satisfied by the Wilson coefficients of the low energy theory. In the Lorentz Invariant scenario, the S-matrix, with its analytic structure, is the object that provides the link between IR and UV physics. In particular, Cauchy's theorem allows to relate quantities evaluated within the EFT regime of validity, to an integral whose sign is fixed by Unitarity.
The last decade saw an increasing effort towards the extension of the positivity program in the cosmological scenario. The implementation of the positivity arguments to the cosmological context would imply the formulation of a set of theoretical priors which would affect cosmological parameter constraints and explicitly illustrate the impact on a specific EFT for Dark Energy. However, such an extension is highly non-trivial and complicated, due to the spontaneous breaking of Lorentz Invariance that characterizes the cosmological setup. This leads to serious conceptual and technical difficulties which make it extremely challenging to adopt the original approach to the Lorentz Breaking scenario.
Recently, Creminelli, Jannsen and Senatore (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP09(2022)201) proposed the first promising approach towards a successful implementation of these bounds on EFTs with spontaneously broken Lorentz invariance.
In this talk, I will review the state of the art of the positivity arguments. I will comment the key ideas of the seminal paper by Addams et al. (DOI: 10.1088/1126-6708/2006/10/014) and discuss the difficulties that arise whenever one wants to extend the positivity logic to the study of effective field theories with spontaneously broken Lorentz invariance, which is the focus of my current PhD research.

Speaker: Dr Alessandro Longo

TalkPB.pdf

12:45 De Sitter Quasinormal Modes from analytical properties

In a QFT on de Sitter background, one can study correlators between fields pushed to the future and past horizons of a comoving observer. This is a neat probe of the physics in the observer’s causal diamond (known as the static patch). We use this observable to give a generalization of the quasinormal spectrum in interacting theories, and to connect it to the spectral density that appears in the Källén-Lehmann expansion of dS correlators. We also introduce a finite-temperature effective field theory consisting of free bulk fields coupled to a boundary. In matching it to the low frequency expansion of correlators, we find positivity constraints on the EFT parameters following from unitarity.

Speaker: Dr Flavio Riccardi

13:00 → 14:00 Lunch break

14:00 → 07:00 Lighting Talks

14:00 Mechanization of scalar field theory in 1+1 dimensions (Part 1)

We want to present a version of a general-purpose collective coordinate model that aims to fully map out the dynamics of a single scalar field in (1+1) - dimensions. This is achieved by a procedure that we call a ‘mechanization’: we reduce the infinite number of degrees of freedom down to a finite and controllable number by chopping the field into flat segments connected via joints.

Speaker: Dr Lukáš Rafaj

14:15 Mechanization of scalar field theory in 1+1 dimensions ( Part 2 )

We want to present an version of a general-purpose collective coordinate model that aims to fully map out the dynamics of a single scalar field in (1+1) - dimensions. This is achieved by a procedure that we call a ‘mechanization’: we reduce the infinite number of degrees of freedom down to a finite and controllable number by chopping the field into flat segments connected via joints.

Speaker: Dr Ondra Karpíšek

14:30 Black holes as probes of ultralight dark matter

We consider the phenomenological nightmare scenario where dark matter is only coupled gravitationally, thinking of black holes as probes. We choose to focus on wave dark matter because an oscillating massive scalar endows a black hole with hair, whose profile we study by taking a fully analytic approach. We describe the field profile for a wide range of parameters, including rotating dark matter.
We then include the self-gravity of the scalar, focusing on the case
where dark matter forms a soliton in the center of the galaxy. We discuss the consequences of imposing causal boundary conditions at the horizon, which are usually neglected.

Speaker: Dr Bruno Bucciotti

Bruno Bucciotti.pdf

14:45 Superfluid dark matter flow around cosmic strings

The fundamental nature of Dark Matter (DM) remains an open problem in cosmology. Although LambdaCDM successfully describes it on cosmological scales, the model still faces some challenges on galactic scales. In the Superfluid Dark Matter (SFDM) approach, the DM particles behave as a cold, collisionless fluid on large scales, while forming a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) on the scales of galaxies. Hence, the model manages to reproduce the successes of cold DM on the larger scales, while reproducing the results of MOND on galactic scales. In this work, we consider a cosmic string moving through a gas of SFDM and analyse how it affects the DM distribution. We look at two different cases: first, a cosmic string passing through an already condensed region, and second, through a region that is not yet condensed. In the former, the string moving at relativistic speeds induces a strong shock in the superfluid, leading to an increase in the temperature and thus destroying the BEC. In the latter, a wake of larger density is formed behind the string, and we study under which conditions a BEC can be formed in the virialized region of the wake. We obtain an upper bound on the mass of the DM particles on the order of 10eV, which is compatible with the SFDM model.

Speaker: Dr Aline Favero

Beamer___Instituto_Politécnico_de_Bragança___ESTiG.pdf

15:00 Investigating some aspects of non-minimal coupling in the context of dynamical stability approach

Standard model of cosmology (Λ-CDM model) mainly suffers from two drawbacks, first one is the fine tuning problem and second one is a cosmic-coincidence problem. In this standard model of cosmology, Λ represents the cosmological constant and CDM denotes the cold-dark matter. Another important downside of the Λ-CDM model from the observational perspective is the discrepancy between the present observed value of Hubble’s constant and with predicted value of Hubble’s constant from theory. These fundamental discrepancies motivate us to study different kinds of cosmological models based on the coupled field-fluid sector. Based on these above considerations, we can build a theoretical framework for non-minimally coupled field-fluid sector. Where field sector is made of a non-canonical scalar field ($k$-essence sector) and the fluid sector is composed of pressureless dust. The nonminimal coupling term is introduced at the Lagrangian level. We employ the variational approach with respect to independent variables that produce modified k-essence field equations and the Friedmann equations. We have analyzed the coupled field-fluid framework explicitly using the dynamical system technique considering two forms of the interaction as well as the form of scalar field potential (one is constant and other is inverse power-law type). After examining these models it is seen that all these models are capable of producing stable accelerating solutions in late time phase.

Speaker: Dr Anirban Chatterjee (Institute Post-Doctoral Fellow Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India)

ISAPP-2023-ANIRBAN.pdf

Monday, 12 June

08:30 → 09:00 Departure to EGO-Cascina

09:00 → 11:00 Light dark matter around black holes

Convener: Paolo Pani (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)

09:00 Lesson 1

Speaker: Paolo Pani (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)

11:00 → 11:30 coffee break

11:30 → 13:30 Properties of matter in neutron stars and GW emission

Convener: Armen Sedrakian (University of Wroclaw)

11:30 Lesson 1

Speaker: Armen Sedrakian (University of Wroclaw)

13:30 → 15:00 Lunch break

15:00 → 17:00 Light dark matter around black holes

Convener: Paolo Pani (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)

15:00 Lesson 2

Speaker: Paolo Pani (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)

17:00 → 18:30 Visit to EGO

18:30 → 18:50 SOCIAL DINNER

Tuesday, 13 June

09:00 → 11:00 Properties of matter in neutron stars and GW emission

Convener: Armen Sedrakian (University of Wroclaw)

09:00 Lesson 2

Speaker: Armen Sedrakian (University of Wroclaw)

11:00 → 11:30 coffee break

11:30 → 13:30 Light dark matter around black holes

Convener: Paolo Pani (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)

11:30 Lesson 3

Speaker: Paolo Pani (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare)

13:30 → 15:00 Lunch break

15:00 → 17:00 Properties of matter in neutron stars and GW emission

Convener: Armen Sedrakian (University of Wroclaw)

15:00 Lesson 3

Speaker: Armen Sedrakian (University of Wroclaw)

Wednesday, 14 June

09:00 → 11:00 Light dark matter search

Convener: Elisa Ferreira (UNiversity of Hamburg)

09:00 Lesson 1

Speaker: Elisa Ferreira (UNiversity of Hamburg)

11:00 → 11:30 coffee break

11:30 → 13:30 Quantum Information and Quantum Metrology for Fundamental Physics

Convener: Ivette Fuentes Guridi

FuentesISAPP2023Lecture3.pdf

11:30 Lesson 1

Speaker: Ivette Fuentes Guridi

13:30 → 15:00 Lunch break

15:00 → 17:00 Light dark matter search

Convener: Elisa Ferreira (UNiversity of Hamburg)

15:00 Lesson 2

Speaker: Elisa Ferreira (UNiversity of Hamburg)

Thursday, 15 June

09:00 → 11:00 Quantum Information and Quantum Metrology for Fundamental Physics

Convener: Ivette Fuentes Guridi

FuentesISAPP2023Lecture3.pdf

09:00 Lesson 2

Speaker: Ivette Fuentes Guridi

FuentesISAPP2023Lecture2.pdf

11:00 → 11:30 coffee break

11:30 → 13:30 Light dark matter search

Convener: Elisa Ferreira (UNiversity of Hamburg)

11:30 Lesson 3

Speaker: Elisa Ferreira (UNiversity of Hamburg)

13:30 → 15:00 Lunch break

15:00 → 17:00 Quantum Information and Quantum Metrology for Fundamental Physics

Convener: Ivette Fuentes Guridi

FuentesISAPP2023Lecture3.pdf

15:00 Lesson 3

Speaker: Ivette Fuentes Guridi