The T2K neutrino experiment in Japan started data taking in 2010 and obtained a first indication of CP violation in neutrino oscillations. To obtain better sensitivity, T2K will accumulate more statistics with a higher intensity beam and an upgraded near detector. The upgraded off-axis near detector (ND280) will allow us to reduce systematic uncertainties in the number of predicted...
The atmospheric neutrino flux represents a continuous source that can be exploited to infer properties about Cosmic Rays and neutrino oscillation physics. The JUNO observatory, a 20 kt liquid scintillator (LS) currently under construction in China, will be able to detect atmospheric neutrinos down to lower energies, with respect to Cherenkov detectors, given the large fiducial volume and the...
In spite of the extensive search for the detection of the dark matter (DM), experiments have so far yielded null results: they are probing lower and lower cross-section values and are touching the so-called neutrino floor. A way to possibly overcome the limitation of the neutrino floor is a directional sensitive approach: one of the most promising techniques for directional detection is...
Upon the neutrino discovery by Reines & Cowan (1956), they also paved the ground behind much of today’s neutrino detection technology. Large instrumented volumes for neutrino detection have been achieved via a key (implicit) principle: detection medium transparency and/or high purity. Much of that technology has yielded historical success, including several Nobel prizes, where the discovery of...
SoLid is a short baseline neutrino experiment at the BR2 reactor in Mol. It is searching for sterile neutrino oscillations and make precisions measurements of the neutrino energy spectrum from a highly enriched Uranium reactor core. The signature of neutrino reactions due to inverse beta decay is a coincidence of an electromagnetic energy deposition followed by the nuclear capture of a neutron...
The JSNS2 experiment aims to search for the existence of sterile neutrino at J-PARC. A 1 MW beam of 3 GeV protons incident on a spallation neutron target produces an intense neutrino beam from muon decay at rest. The experiment will search for muon anti-neutrino to electron anti-neutrino oscillations which are detected by the inverse beta decay (IBD) interaction, followed by gammas from...
Neutrino oscillation experiments aim to measure the neutrino oscillation parameters with accuracy and achieve a complete understanding of neutrino physics. The determination of the neutrino oscillation parameters depends on the knowledge of the neutrino energy, which is reconstructed based on the particles in the final state that emerge out of the nucleus after the neutrino-nucleus...
The Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) detector technology has been used by many accelerator-based neutrino experiments. It offers excellent spatial and energy resolutions in detection of particles traversing the detector. This becomes particularly crucial for the low energy neutrino physics. However, extracting small signals from huge background in LArTPC waveforms is very...
New developments in liquid scintillators, high-efficiency, sub-nanosecond photon sensors, and chromatic photon sorting have opened up the possibility to realize large-scale neutrino detectors that can discriminate between Cherenkov and scintillation signals. A hybrid detector could exploit the two distinct signals to reconstruct particle direction and species using Cherenkov light while also...
The DUNE (Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment) is a proposed long-baseline
neutrino oscillation experiment located in the United States. The main physics objectives of DUNE are to characterize neutrino oscillations, search for nucleon decay, and observe supernova neutrino bursts. The DUNE far detector will be located 4850' underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead,...
Neutrinos have played a key role in astrophysics, from the characterization of nuclear fusion processes in the Sun to the observation of supernova SN1987A and multiple extragalactic events. The Super-Kamiokande experiment has played a major part in past in these astrophysical studies by investigating low energy O(10)~MeV neutrinos. It has notably been instrumental in characterizing the 8B...
T2K (Tokai to Kamioka) is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment located in Japan. One of the most challenging tasks of T2K is to identify whether CP is violated in the lepton sector, which T2K's recent results favour. By utilizing the near detector (ND280) data, T2K can constrain neutrino interaction and flux uncertainties by fitting a parametrised model to data. This allows a...
The Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) is increasingly becoming the chosen technology for both current and future precision neutrino oscillation experiments. One of the primary challenges in employing LArTPC technology is characterizing the performance of this technology and quantifying the associated systematic uncertainties. The MicroBooNE experiment plays a crucial role in...
Current neutrino detectors will observe hundreds to thousands of neutrinos from a Galactic supernovae, and future detectors will increase the yield by an order of magnitude or more. With such a data set there is potential for a huge increase in our understanding of the explosions of massive stars, nuclear physics under extreme conditions, and the properties of the neutrino. However there is a...
The recent detection of the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS )opens the possibil- ity to use neutrinos to explore physics beyond standard model with small size detectors. However, the CEνNS process generates signals at the few keV level, requiring of very sensitive detecting technologies for its detection.
The European Spallation Source (ESS) has been identified as an...
One of the crucial aspects to reach the aimed energy resolution of 3% @ 1 MeV in the JUNO experiment will be the instrumentation with and performance of the used photo sensors in the detector. Up to 20’000 20-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) will be deployed in JUNO, of which each of them moreover has to fulfil dedicated quality requirements for several key characteristics (dark rate, PDE,...
The Online Scintillator Internal Radioactivity Investigation System (OSIRIS) is a 20-ton liquid scintillator detector currently under construction at the Jiangmen underground neutrino observatory (JUNO) in Kaiping, China. OSIRIS features 76 newly developed, intelligent PMTs (iPMTs) surrounding a cylindrical acrylic vessel embedded in a Cherenkov muon Veto. Its main purpose is the monitoring of...
ProtoDUNE Single-Phase (ProtoDUNE-SP) is a prototype of the first DUNE Far Detector module and was in operation at CERN from 2018-2020. As a liquid argon time projection chamber (TPC), ProtoDUNE-SP needs numerous calibration methods to measure the location of argon ionization and the precise number of electrons ionized. To aid in calibration, an array of scintillator strips covering the front...
Given the J-PARC program of upgrades of the beam intensity, the T2K collaboration is preparing towards an increase of the exposure aimed at establishing leptonic CP violation at 3 $\sigma$ level for a significant fraction of the possible $\delta_{CP}$ values. To reach this goal, an upgrade of the T2K near detector ND280 has been launched to reduce the overall statistical and systematic...
Dual Calorimetry is a technique designed for high precision control of detector calorimetry systematics. It is embodied at JUNO as two independent photosensors and readout systems with different photon occupancy regimes surrounding the 20 kton liquid scintillator. One is the ~18,000 20-inch large PMTs (LPMTs) system, and the other is the ~26,000 3-inch small PMTs (SPMTs) system. The LPMT...
Detector systems fully or partially composed of solid polystyrene-based scintillator bars are used in many experiments. Given their wide variety of applications it is important to deepen our understanding of how scintillator performance changes with time. The long baseline neutrino experiment T2K (Tokai to Kamioka) has collected data since 2010. Most of the subsystems of the off-and on-axis...
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international experiment
dedicated to addressing some of the unanswered questions at the forefront of particle physics. DUNE will search for the Charge-Parity (CP) symmetry violation in the leptonic sector while measuring the oscillation probabilities of neutrinos and antineutrinos which will help us understand the preponderance of matter...
Hyper-Kamiokande (HK) is the next generation large volume water Cherenkov detector under construction in Japan. Its physics program includes nucleon decay, neutrinos from astronomical and accelerator, with the main focus to determine the leptonic CP violation, with a fiducial volume, that is 8 times larger than its precursor Super-Kamiokande (SK).
To detect the weak Cherenkov light generated...
A measurement of the transmission coefficient for neutrons through a thick ($\sim 3$ atoms/b) liquid natural argon target in the energy range $30$-$70$ keV was performed by the Argon Resonance Transmission Interaction Experiment (ARTIE) using a time of flight neutron beam at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
In this energy range theory predicts an anti-resonance in the $^{40}$Ar cross section...
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a cutting-edge experiment for
neutrino science and proton decay studies. The single-phase liquid argon prototype detector at CERN (ProtoDUNE-SP) is a crucial milestone for DUNE that will inform the construction and operation of the first and possibly subsequent 17-kt DUNE far detector modules. Michel electrons are distributed uniformly inside...
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment designed to measure CP violation in neutrinos and the neutrino mass hierarchy among other BSM goals. DUNE's far detector modules are based on liquid argon TPC (LArTPC) technology. ProtoDUNE-SP is DUNE's large scale single-phase prototype operated at the CERN Neutrino Platform....
