Seminari INFN

Meson/Baryon/Tetraquark Supersymmetry from Superconformal Algebra and Light-Front Holography

by Stanley J. Brodsky (SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, USA)

Europe/Rome
Aula Conversi (Dipartimento di Fisica - Ed. G. Marconi)

Aula Conversi

Dipartimento di Fisica - Ed. G. Marconi

Description
A remarkable feature of QCD is that the mass scale which controls color confinement and hadron mass scales does not appear explicitly in the QCD Lagrangian. However, de Alfaro, Fubini, and Furlan have shown that a mass scale can appear in the equations of motion without affecting the conformal invariance of the action if one adds a term to the Hamiltonian proportional to the dilatation operator or the special conformal operator. Applying this procedure to the light-front Hamiltonian leads to a unique color confinement potential for hadrons. The same result for QCD(3+1), including spin terms, can be obtained using light-front holography, the duality between the front form and Anti-DeSitter space in five dimensions. Generalizing this procedure using superconformal algebra, leads to a unified Regge spectroscopy of meson, baryon, and tetraquarks, including remarkable supersymmetric relations between the masses of mesons and baryons. One also predicts observables such as the hadron structure functions, transverse momentum distributions, and distribution amplitudes defined from the hadronic light-front wavefunctions. The mass scale underlying confinement and hadron masses can be connected to the mass parameter in the QCD running coupling by matching the nonperturbative dynamics to the perturbative QCD regime. The result is an effective coupling defined at all momenta and the determination of a momentum scale which sets the interface between perturbative and nonperturbative hadron dynamics. I will also discuss evidence that the antishadowing of nuclear structure functions is non-universal, and why shadowing and antishadowing phenomena may be incompatible with sum rules for nuclear parton distribution functions.