The main advances, performed at CUSBO, on the generation of ultrashort pulses and their applications to the study of ultrafast phenomena in the matter will be presented. Few-optical cycle pulses “tunable from near-infrared to visible-UV” allow one to shed light with unprecedented temporal resolution on ultrafast electronic relaxation processes and to detect on real time molecular vibrations. "High energy" few-optical cycle pulses allow efficient production of high order harmonics up to XUV spectral region, by a highly non-linear optical process in noble gases, leading to the generation of attosecond pulses. Recent progress in attosecond science obtained at CUSBO on generation of isolated attosecond pulses and their applications to atomic and molecular physics will be reviewed.